蘇菲亞學派

蘇菲亞學派是一个有争议的俄罗斯东正教派別，认为神的智慧（譯作：蘇菲亞）就是神的本质，并且神的智慧在世界上以某种方式表达为「有创造力的」智慧。^[1] 然而这个概念经常被誤解為在三位一体中引入“第四位格”。 ^[2]

争议起源于近世。在1890年代至1910年代。蘇菲亞學派是由弗拉基米尔·索洛维约夫（1853–1900），帕维尔·弗洛伦斯基（1882-1937）和谢尔盖·布尔加科夫（1871-1944）提出。^[3]

1935年，部分蘇菲亚學說學者遭到莫斯科及全俄羅斯牧首^[4]和其他俄罗斯东正教的譴責。 ^[5]尽管布尔加科夫受到了上述的谴责，但Eulogius所委托的一个委员会对布尔加科夫的蘇菲亞学說进行了分析，发现他的体系雖然存在问题，但不是异端，因此也没有发表正式的谴责。^[6]

托马斯·默顿（Thomas Merton）研究了俄罗斯的蘇菲學家，并在其名为《Hagia Sophia》（1963）的诗中赞扬了蘇菲亚。 ^[7]

约翰（1993）和米汉（1996）指出俄国“蘇菲亞”的争议与西方女性主义神学中“上帝的性别”辩论之间的相似之处。 ^[8]

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參考文獻

^ Bulgakov, Sergius. Sophia, the Wisdom of God. Bulgakoviana. [2020-10-02]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-12）.
^ W. Goerdt in The Encyclodedia of Christianity (2008), p. 122 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.
^ Philosophy of Economy («Философия хозяйства» 1912) and Unfading Light («Свет Невечерний» 1917).Bogatzky, Nikolay. A "gung-ho" approach towards Sophic Economy (PDF). Economic Alternatives (Sofia: UNWE Publishing Complex). 2017, (1): 160–86 [2020-10-02]. ISSN 2367-9409. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-03-29）. .
^ "The teaching of Professor and Archpriest S.N. Bulgakov – which, by its peculiar and arbitrary (Sophian) interpretation, often distorts the dogmas of the Orthodox faith, which in some of its points directly repeats false teachings already condemned by conciliar decisions of the Church…" Moscow Patriarchate (1935) Decision No. 93
^ Bishops' Council of the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad (1935) Decision of the Bishops' Council of the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad of the 17/30 October 1935 concerning the new teaching of Archpriest Sergei Bulgakov on Sophia, the Wisdom of God
^ George's Florovsky and the Sophiological controversy, Rocor studies, 2017-04-26 [2020-10-02], （原始内容存档于2020-11-11） .
^ Sophia. Liturgical Press. [2017-12-17].
^ Elizabeth Johnson, She Who Is: The Mystery of God in Feminist Theological Discourse (1993)^{[页码请求]} Meehan, Brenda, "Wisdom/Sophia, Russian identity, and Western feminist theology", Cross Currents, 46(2), 1996, pp. 149–68.

[1] Bulgakov, Sergius. Sophia, the Wisdom of God. Bulgakoviana. [2020-10-02]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-12）.

[2] W. Goerdt in The Encyclodedia of Christianity (2008), p. 122 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.

[3] Philosophy of Economy («Философия хозяйства» 1912) and Unfading Light («Свет Невечерний» 1917).Bogatzky, Nikolay. A "gung-ho" approach towards Sophic Economy (PDF). Economic Alternatives (Sofia: UNWE Publishing Complex). 2017, (1): 160–86 [2020-10-02]. ISSN 2367-9409. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-03-29）. .

[4] "The teaching of Professor and Archpriest S.N. Bulgakov – which, by its peculiar and arbitrary (Sophian) interpretation, often distorts the dogmas of the Orthodox faith, which in some of its points directly repeats false teachings already condemned by conciliar decisions of the Church…" Moscow Patriarchate (1935) Decision No. 93

[5] Bishops' Council of the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad (1935) Decision of the Bishops' Council of the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad of the 17/30 October 1935 concerning the new teaching of Archpriest Sergei Bulgakov on Sophia, the Wisdom of God

[6] George's Florovsky and the Sophiological controversy, Rocor studies, 2017-04-26 [2020-10-02], （原始内容存档于2020-11-11） .

[7] Sophia. Liturgical Press. [2017-12-17].

[8] Elizabeth Johnson, She Who Is: The Mystery of God in Feminist Theological Discourse (1993)^{[页码请求]} Meehan, Brenda, "Wisdom/Sophia, Russian identity, and Western feminist theology", Cross Currents, 46(2), 1996, pp. 149–68.

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