南美象龜屬

南美象龜屬Chelonoidis)是陸龜科下的一個[1][2]該書的龜發現於加拉帕戈斯群島南美洲各地。以前被認為是象龜屬Geochelone)的成員,但最近的基因證據顯示其血緣關係與折背龜屬更接近。[3]它們的祖先在漸新世穿過大西洋來到美洲,[3]這可能要歸功於它們可以把頭露出水面漂浮并可以六個月不吃不喝的能力。[3]

南美象龜屬
黃腿象龜
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 爬行綱 Reptilia
目: 龜鱉目 Testudines
亚目: 曲颈龟亚目 Cryptodira
科: 陸龜科 Testudinidae
属: 南美象龜屬 Chelonoidis
Fitzgerald, 1835[1][2]
異名
  • Darwintestudo Antenbrink-Vetter & Vetter, 1998
  • Elephantopus Gray, 1874
  • Gopher Gray, 1870
  • Pampatestudo Lindholm, 1929

其下的加拉帕戈斯象龜是世界上現存最大的陸龜,這些大型龜類在更新世時就已近在南北大陸上繁衍了。[4]

下属物种

本属包括以下物种:[1][2]

參考文獻

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Turtle Taxonomy Working Group 2010. Turtles of the World 2010 Update: Annotated Checklist of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution and Conservation Status (PDF). 2010-12-14 [2010-12-15]. (原始内容 (pdf)存档于2010-12-15). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Turtle Taxonomy Working Group 2011. Turtles of the World 2011 Update: Annotated Checklist of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution and Conservation Status (PDF). 2011-12-31 [2012-07-30]. (原始内容 (pdf)存档于2012-01-22). 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Le, M.; Raxworthy, C. J.; McCord, W. P.; Mertz, L. A molecular phylogeny of tortoises (Testudines: Testudinidae) based on mitochondrial and nuclear genes (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 2006-05-05, 40 (2): 517–531. PMID 16678445. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.03.003. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2012-03-16). 
  4. ^ Cione, A. L.; Tonni, E. P.; Soibelzon, L. The Broken Zig-Zag: Late Cenozoic large mammal and tortoise extinction in South America (PDF). Rev. Mus. Argentino Cienc. Nat., n.s. 2003, 5 (1): 1–19 [2011-02-06]. ISSN 1514-5158. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-07-06). 
  5. ^ Claudia Keller, Francisco Villamarín, Rafael Bernhard and Daniely Félix da Silva. 2017. Checklist of Chelonians from the upper Madeira River and the lower Madeira-Purus interfluvium (Brazilian Amazon), including A Range Expansion for Podocnemis sextuberculata Cornalia, 1849. Check List. 12(4); 1937-1941. DOI: 10.15560/12.4.1937
  6. ^ Nikos Poulakakis, Danielle L. Edwards , Ylenia Chiari, Ryan C. Garrick, Michael A. Russello, Edgar Benavides, Gregory J. Watkins-Colwell, Scott Glaberman, Washington Tapia, James P. Gibbs, Linda J. Cayot and Adalgisa Caccone. 2015. Description of a New Galapagos Giant Tortoise Species (Chelonoidis; Testudines: Testudinidae) from Cerro Fatal on Santa Cruz Island. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138779
  7. ^ Joshua M. Miller, Maud C. Quinzin, Nikos Poulakakis, James P. Gibbs, Luciano B. Beheregaray, Ryan C. Garrick, Michael A. Russello, Claudio Ciofi, Danielle L. Edwards, Elizabeth A. Hunter, Washington Tapia, Danny Rueda, Jorge Carrión, Andrés A. Valdivieso and Adalgisa Caccone. 2017. Identification of Genetically Important Individuals of the Rediscovered Floreana Galápagos Giant Tortoise (Chelonoidis elephantopus) Provide Founders for Species Restoration Program. Scientific Reports. 7, Article number: 11471. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11516-2