卡尔巴拉战役

卡尔巴拉战役（Battle of Karbala），公元680年10月10日发生于巴格达西南的卡尔巴拉，穆罕默德的外孙、什叶派领袖侯赛因·本·阿里率领自己的支持者对抗前来镇压的倭马亚王朝叶齐德一世的大军。最终前者全军覆没，阿里之子侯赛因阵亡。

延伸阅读

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參考文獻

• al-Tabari, Muhammad ibn Jarir, History of the Prophets and Kings; Volume XIX The Caliphate of Yazid b. Muawiyah, translated by I.K.A Howard, SUNY Press, 1991, ISBN 0-7914-0040-9.
• Kennedy, Hugh, The Armies of the Caliphs: Military and Society in the Early Islamic State, Routledge, 2001.
• al-Muqarram, Abd al Razzaq, Maqtal al-Husayn, Martyrdom Epic of Imam al-Husayn （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, translated by Yasin T. Al-Jibouri, pub Al-Kharsan Foundation for Publications, originally published Qum, circa 1990. (al-Muqarram was born in 1899 and died in 1971—author's biography （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. This is a 20th-century book—see Islamic Historiography, by Chase F. Robinson, p. 35.)

外部連結

• What is Muharram?（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• Battle of Karbalāʾ（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Encyclopædia Britannica
• List of the casualties of Karbla（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

Sunni links

• Karbala – A Lesson For Mankind （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

Shia links

• Events of Karbala （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• Ashura.com （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• Poetryofislam.com （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, poetry on Kerbala by Mahmood Abu Shahbaaz Londoni
• Sacred-texts.com （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Battle of Karbala （英文）
• Battle of Karbala（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• A Probe Into the History of Ashura （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） by Dr. Ibrahim Ayati