寡家蚁属
膜翅目蚁科的一属昆虫
寡家蟻屬(学名:Carebara)又称盲切葉蟻屬或重头蚁属 [1],是家蟻亞科的一種屬。此屬目前含有 249個現生種及現生亞種,以及 9個化石。该属包含了世界上最小的蚂蚁 —— 原子盲切叶蚁(Carebara atoma)
寡家蚁属 化石时期:
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一隻多樣寡家蟻(C.diversa)的大兵 | |
科学分类 | |
界: | 动物界 Animalia |
门: | 节肢动物门 Arthropoda |
纲: | 昆虫纲 Insecta |
目: | 膜翅目 Hymenoptera |
科: | 蟻科 Formicidae |
亚科: | 家蟻亞科 Myrmicinae |
族: | 角腹蚁族 Crematogastrini |
属: | 寡家蚁属 Carebara Westwood,1840 |
模式種 | |
木盲切叶蚁 Carebara lignata Westwood,1840
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多样性 | |
249 个现生种,9 个化石种 | |
異名 | |
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盲切叶蚁属是切叶蚁亚科最大属之一,有超过 200 多个物种,分布在热带区。该属大部分成员都在隐蔽的土壤和落叶中筑巢。在非洲热带地区的成员则筑巢于烂木中,或者可能在其他蚂蚁物种附近筑巢。已知有些物种在白蚁巢穴内寄生。目前对该属的了解知之甚少,但它们因蚁后和工蚁之间的巨大体型差异而引人注目。[2][3]
物种
- Carebara aborensis (Wheeler, 1913)
- Carebara abuhurayri Sharaf & Aldawood, 2011
- Carebara acuta (Weber, 1952)
- 尖刺盲切叶蚁 Carebara acutispina (Xu, 2003)
- 近缘盲切叶蚁 Carebara affinis Jerdon, 1851 相邻寡家蚁
- Carebara affinis javana Emery, 1893
- Carebara affinis minor Emery, 1900
- Carebara affinis spinosior Forel, 1911
- Carebara affinis sumatrensis Forel, 1913
- Carebara afghana (Pisarski, 1970)
- Carebara africana (Forel, 1910)
- Carebara alluaudi (Santschi, 1913)
- Carebara alluaudi cataractae Santschi, 1919
- Carebara alperti Fernández, 2010
- Carebara alpha (Forel, 1905)
- 高结盲切叶蚁 Carebara altinoda Xu, 2003
- 阿美盲切叶蚁 Carebara amia Forel, 1913
- Carebara ampla Santschi, 1912
- 安戈尔盲切叶蚁 Carebara angolensis (Santschi, 1914)
- Carebara angulata Fernández, 2004
- Carebara anophthalma (Emery, 1906)
- †Carebara antiqua (Mayr, 1868)
- Carebara arabara Fernández, 2010
- Carebara arabica (Collingwood & Van Harten, 2001)
- Carebara armata (Donisthorpe, 1948)
- Carebara arnoldi (Forel, 1913)
- Carebara arnoldiella (Santschi, 1919)
- 凶恶盲切叶蚁 Carebara asina Forel, 1902
- 原子盲切叶蚁 Carebara atoma (Emery, 1900)
- Carebara audita Fernández, 2004
- Carebara bartrumi Weber, 1943
- 孟加拉盲切叶蚁 Carebara bengalensis Forel, 1902 孟加拉稀切叶蚁
- Carebara beta (Forel, 1905)
- Carebara bicarinata Santschi, 1912
- 双角盲切叶蚁 Carebara bihornata (Xu, 2003)
- †Carebara bohemica (Novák, 1877)
- Carebara borealis (Terayama, 1996)
- Carebara bouvardi (Santschi, 1913)
- Carebara brasiliana Fernández, 2004
- Carebara brevipilosa Fernández, 2004
- Carebara bruchi (Santschi, 1933)
- 布氏盲切叶蚁 Carebara bruni Forel, 191
- Carebara butteli (Forel, 1913)
- 卷须盲切叶蚁 Carebara capreola Wheeler, 1927
- 卷须盲切叶蚁滑头亚种 Carebara capreola subsp. laeviceps
- Carebara carinata Bharti & Kumar, 2013
- 栗色盲切叶蚁 Carebara castanea Smith, 1858
- Carebara castanea augustata Santschi, 1920
- Carebara coeca Fernández, 2004
- Carebara concinna (Mayr, 1867)
- Carebara convexa (Weber, 1950)
- Carebara coqueta Fernández, 2006
- Carebara cornigera (Forel, 1902)
- Carebara crassiuscula (Emery, 1900)
- 网纹盲切叶蚁 Carebara cribriceps (Wheeler, 1927)
- Carebara crigensis (Belshaw & Bolton, 1994)
- 弯刺盲切叶蚁 Carebara curvispina (Xu, 2003)
- Carebara debilis (Santschi, 1913)
- Carebara dentata Bharti & Kumar, 2013
- 齿突盲切叶蚁 Carebara dentiviris
- Carebara deponens (Walker, 1859)
- Carebara diabola (Santschi, 1913)
- Carebara diabolica (Baroni Urbani, 1969)
- Carebara distincta (Bolton & Belshaw, 1993)
- 多样寡家蚁 Carebara diversa Jerdon, 1851 全异盲切叶蚁
- 龙盲切叶蚁 Carebara diversa draco Santschi, 1920
- 全异盲切叶蚁老挝亚种 Carebara diversa laotina Santschi, 1920
- Carebara diversa macgregori Wheeler, W.M., 1929
- Carebara diversa philippina Wheeler, W.M., 1929
- Carebara diversa standfussi Forel, 1911
- Carebara diversa taprobanae Smith, F., 1858
- Carebara diversa tenuirugosa Wheeler, W.M., 1929
- Carebara diversa williamsi Wheeler, W.M., 1929
- Carebara donisthorpei (Weber, 1950)
- Carebara elmenteitae (Patrizi, 1948)
- Carebara elongata Fernández, 2004
- Carebara erythraea (Emery, 1915)
- Carebara escherichi (Forel, 1911)
- Carebara fayrouzae Sharaf, 2013
- Carebara frontalis (Weber, 1950)
- Carebara globularia Fernández, 2004
- Carebara grandidieri (Forel, 1891)
- 粒沟盲切叶蚁 Carebara granulatus
- Carebara guineana Fernández, 2006
- 般若盲切叶蚁 Carebara hannya (Terayama, 1996)
- Carebara hornata Bharti & Kumar, 2013
- 湖南盲切叶蚁 Carebara hunanenis Wu et Wang, 1995
- Carebara inca Fernández, 2004
- Carebara incerta (Santschi, 1919)
- Carebara incierta Fernández, 2004
- Carebara infima (Santschi, 1913)
- Carebara intermedia Fernández, 2004
- Carebara jacobsoni (Forel, 1911)
- Carebara jeanneli (Santschi, 1913)
- 江西盲切叶蚁 Carebara jinagxiensis Wu et Wang, 1995
- Carebara junodi Forel, 1904
- 卡米盲切叶蚁 Carebara khamiensis (Arnold, 1952)
- Carebara kofana Fernández, 2004
- Carebara lamellifrons (Forel, 1902)
- Carebara langi Wheeler, 1922
- 宽结盲切叶蚁 Carebara latinoda
- Carebara latro (Santschi, 1937)
- Carebara leei (Forel, 1902)
- 木盲切叶蚁 Carebara lignata Westwood,1840 (本属模式种)
- 长头盲切叶蚁 Carebara longiceps (Santschi, 1929)
- Carebara longii (Wheeler, 1903)
- Carebara lucida (Santschi, 1917)
- 光亮盲切叶蚁 Carebara lusciosa (Wheeler,1928)
- Carebara majeri Fernández, 2004
- Carebara manni (Donisthorpe, 1941)
- Carebara mayri (Forel, 1901)
- 黑沟盲切叶蚁 Carebara melasolena Zhou et Zheng,1997
- Carebara menozzii (Ettershank, 1966)
- Carebara minima (Emery, 1900)
- Carebara minuta Fernández, 2004
- Carebara mjobergi (Forel, 1915)
- Carebara nana (Santschi, 1919)
- 南宁盲切叶蚁 Carebara nanningensis
- Carebara nayana (Sheela & Narendran, 1997)
- †Carebara nitida (Dlussky & Perkovsky, 2002)
- 诺福克盲切叶蚁 Carebara norfolkensis (Donisthorpe, 1941)
- Carebara nosindambo (Forel, 1891)
- Carebara nuda Fernández, 2004
- 钝齿盲切叶蚁 Carebara obtusidenta (Xu, Z., 2003)
- Carebara octata (Bolton & Belshaw, 1993)
- Carebara oertzeni (Forel, 1886)
- Carebara oni (Terayama, 1996)
- Carebara osborni Wheeler, 1922
- Carebara overbecki (Viehmeyer, 1916)
- Carebara paeta (Santschi, 1937)
- Carebara panamensis (Wheeler, 1925)
- Carebara patrizii Menozzi, 1927
- Carebara paya Fernández, 2004
- Carebara perpusilla (Emery, 1895)
- Carebara peruviana (Emery, 1906)
- Carebara petulca (Wheeler, 1922)
- Carebara pilosa Fernández, 2004
- Carebara pisinna (Bolton & Belshaw, 1993)
- Carebara polita (Santschi, 1914)
- 多音盲切叶蚁 Carebara polyphemus (Wheeler,1928)
- Carebara propomegata Bharti & Kumar, 2013
- 拟亮盲切叶蚁 Carebara pseudolusciosa (Wu et Wang,1995)
- 矮人盲切叶蚁 Carebara pumilia Fischer, Azorsa et Fisher, 2014
- Carebara punctata (Karavaiev, 1931)
- Carebara pygmaea (Emery, 1887)
- Carebara pygmaea densistriata (Stitz, 1925)
- 千里眼盲切叶蚁 Carebara qianliyan Terayama, 2009
- Carebara raja (Forel, 1902)
- Carebara rara (Bolton & Belshaw, 1993)
- Carebara rectangulata Bharti & Kumar, 2013
- 直背盲切叶蚁 Carebara rectidorsa (Xu, 2003)
- Carebara reina Fernández, 2004
- 纹头盲切叶蚁 Carebara reticapita (Xu, 2003)
- Carebara reticulata Fernández, 2004
- Carebara robertsoni (Bolton & Belshaw, 1993)
- Carebara rothneyi (Forel, 1902)
- Carebara rugata (Forel, 1913)
- 坂本盲切叶蚁 Carebara sakamotoi Terayama, Lin et Eguchi, 2012
- Carebara sangi (Eguchi & Bui, 2007)
- Carebara santschii (Weber, 1943)
- Carebara sarasinorum (Emery, 1901)
- Carebara sarita (Bolton & Belshaw, 1993)
- Carebara satana (Karavaiev, 1935)
- 邵氏盲切叶蚁 Carebara sauteri Forel, 1912 邵氏寡家蚁
- Carebara semilaevis (Mayr, 1901)
- Carebara sicheli Mayr, 1862
- 西氏寡家蚁 Carebara silvestrii Santschi,1914 西氏盲切叶蚁
- Carebara simalurensis (Forel, 1915)
- Carebara similis (Mayr, 1862)
- Carebara sinhala Fischer, Azorsa & Fisher, 2014
- Carebara sodalis (Emery, 1914)
- †Carebara sophiae (Emery, 1891)
- Carebara spinata Bharti & Kumar, 2013
- Carebara stenoptera (Kusnezov, 1952)
- 条纹盲切叶蚁 Carebara striata (Xu, 2003)
- Carebara sublatro (Forel, 1913)
- Carebara subreptor (Emery, 1900)
- 苏丹盲切叶蚁 Carebara sudanensis (Weber, 1943)
- Carebara sudanica Santschi, 1933
- Carebara sundaica (Forel, 1913)
- Carebara tahitiensis (Wheeler, 1936)
- 大埔盲切叶蚁 Carebara taiponica (Wheeler, 1928)
- Carebara taprobanae (Forel, 1911)
- Carebara tenua Fernández, 2004
- Carebara termitolestes (Wheeler, 1918)
- Carebara thoracica (Weber, 1950)
- †Carebara thorali (Théobald, 1937)
- Carebara traegaordhi (Santschi, 1914)
- 粗纹盲切叶蚁 Carebara trechideros Zhou et Zheng, 1997
- †Carebara ucrainica (Dlussky & Perkovsky, 2002)
- Carebara ugandana (Santschi, 1923)
- Carebara urichi (Wheeler, 1922)
- 红盲切叶蚁 Carebara vespillo Wheeler, 1921
- Carebara vidua Smith, 1858
- Carebara viehmeyeri (Mann, 1919)
- Carebara villiersi (Bernard, 1953)
- Carebara voeltzkowi (Forel, 1907)
- Carebara vorax (Santschi, 1914)
- Carebara weyeri (Karavaiev, 1930)
- 惠勒盲切叶蚁 Carebara wheeleri (Ettershank, 1966)
- Carebara wroughtonii (Forel, 1902)
- 大和盲切叶蚁 Carebara yamatonis (Terayama, 1996)
- 矢野盲切叶蚁 Carebara yanoi Forel, 1912 矢野寡家蚁
- 增城盲切叶蚁 Carebara zengchengensis (Zhou, Zhao et Jia,2006)
参考文献
- ^ Carebara(盲切叶蚁属)-Chinese Ant Database(蚂蚁数据库)-Chinese antweb(蚁网). www.ants-china.com. [2024-07-18]. (原始内容存档于2024-07-18).
- ^ Aldawood, Abdulrahman S.; Sharaf, Mostafa R.; Taylor, Brian. First record of the myrmicine ant genus Carebara Westwood, 1840 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Saudi Arabia with description of a new species, C. abuhurayri sp. n.. ZooKeys. 2011-04-28, (92). ISSN 1313-2989. PMC 3084545 . PMID 21594112. doi:10.3897/zookeys.92.770.
- ^ #author.fullName}. Ants use their flattened heads as doors to lock down their nests. New Scientist. [2024-08-21] (美国英语).
- ^ Carebara(盲切叶蚁属)-Chinese Ant Database(蚂蚁数据库)-Chinese antweb(蚁网). www.ants-china.com. [2024-07-18]. (原始内容存档于2024-07-18).
- ^ Carebara - AntWiki. www.antwiki.org. [2024-08-13]. (原始内容存档于2023-12-17) (英语).