實地調研

在实验室、图书馆、工作场所之外的调查
(重定向自田野調查

實地調研field research),又稱實地研究field study),為對於描述原始資料蒐集的概括術語,其所應用的領域包括民俗学考古學生物學生態學環境科學地理學地質學地形學地球物理學古生物學人類學語言學哲學建築學以及社會學自然社會科學領域。與其他在實驗室准控制狀態下環境的研究相比,實地調查主要於野外實地進行。[1]

水生生物学家在德国一条小溪旁边进行实地考察,采集底棲动物样本
1993年,在漢他病毒實地研究期间,美国疾病控制与预防中心一位科学家从捕获的啮齿目动物身上采集样本

根據研究對象的生亡與否,以及它們的存在地點位於居住棲息地或埋於土下,實地調查的實質內容也會有所差別。化石考古遺址發掘均包含實地工作,其他如訪問或觀察人們以學習他們的語言、民俗、和他們的社會結構等過程也都包含在內。某些狀況,尤其是研究的主題為人類本身的時候,工作的擬定必須再經過設計,以避免觀察者效應或是過度理論化、過於理想化該實質文化活動的風險。

野外調查的項目

  • 採訪記錄
  • 拍攝記錄
  • 翻製記錄
  • 整理消化

註釋

  1. ^ Burgess, Robert G., In the Field: An Introduction to Field Research (Hemel Hempstead, U.K.: George Allen & Unwin, 1984) at 1.

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