西吡氯铵

西吡氯铵
	IUPAC名; 1-Hexadecylpyridinium chloride
别名	Acetoquat CPC; ; Pyrisept EXADECYL-PYRIDINIUM, CHLORIDE
识别
CAS号	123-03-5 ; 6004-24-6（(monohydrate) D08AJ03,; D09AA07 (dressing), R02AA06）
PubChem	31239
ChemSpider	28979
SMILES	[Cl-].[n+]1(ccccc1)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC;
InChI	1/C21H38N.ClH/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-16-19-22-20-17-15-18-21-22;/h15,17-18,20-21H,2-14,16,19H2,1H3;1H/q+1;/p-1;
InChIKey	YMKDRGPMQRFJGP-REWHXWOFAU
Beilstein	3578606
ChEBI	32915
性质
化学式	C21H38ClN
摩尔质量	339.99 g·mol−1
外观	Solid
熔点	77 °C（350 K）
药理学
ATC代码	B05CA01（B05）
危险性
	致死量或浓度：
LD50（中位剂量）	36 mg/kg (rabbit, iv); 400 mg/kg (rabbit, oral); 6 mg/kg (rat, ip); 30 mg/kg (rat, iv); 200 mg/kg (rat, oral); 250 mg/kg (rat, sc); 10 mg/kg (mouse, ip); 108 mg/kg (mouse, oral)
	若非注明，所有数据均出自标准状态（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。

西吡氯铵（cetylpyridinium chloride，CPC）是一种阳离子季铵盐化合物，属阳离子表面活性剂，全名：氯化十六烷基吡啶水合物^[2]（1-氯化十六烷基吡啶的一水合物^[3]），主要通过降低表面张力而起到抑菌和杀菌作用，对于细菌、病毒、真菌等均有良好疗效。該化合物用于某些类型的漱口水、牙膏、润喉糖、咽喉喷雾剂（英语：Chloraseptic）、口腔喷雾剂和鼻腔喷雾剂（英语：Nasal spray）中。

西吡氯铵是一种抗菌剂，但不属于抗生素^[4]，可杀死细菌和其他微生物。它已证明能有效预防牙菌斑和减少牙龈炎^[5]^[6]，还可用於某些杀虫剂中^[7]。

参考文献

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 ^1.6 ^1.7 Lewis, Richard J. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials 9th. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold. 1996: 691.
^ 赵楠, 吴桐, 王娟, 等. 西吡氯铵含片治疗口腔念珠菌病临床疗效观察 [J/CD] . 中华口腔医学研究杂志（电子版）,2018,12 (3): 158-163. DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2018.03.004
^ https://www.nmpa.gov.cn/wwwroot/hy5/094.htm^{[失效連結]}
^ Xu H, Zou G, Zhang X. [Clinical observation of cetylpyridinium chloride buccal tablets combined with Chinese patent medicine in the treatment of acute pharyngitis]. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2020 Aug;34(8):755-757. Chinese. doi: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2020.08.018. PMID 32842213; PMCID: PMC10127928.
^ Asadoorian, Joanna; Williams, Karen. Cetylpyridinium chloride mouth rinse on gingivitis and plaque. Journal of Dental Hygiene. 2008, 82 (5).
^ Haps, S.; Slot, D. E.; Berchier, C. E.; Van Der Weijden, G. A. The effect of cetylpyridinium chloride-containing mouth rinses as adjuncts to toothbrushing on plaque and parameters of gingival inflammation: A systematic review. International Journal of Dental Hygiene. 2008, 6 (4): 290–303. PMID 19138180. doi:10.1111/j.1601-5037.2008.00344.x.
^ Rahman, B.; Alkawas, S.; Al Zubaidi, E. A.; Adel, O. I.; Hawas, N. Comparative antiplaque and antigingivitis effectiveness of tea tree oil mouthwash and a cetylpyridinium chloride mouthwash: A randomized controlled crossover study. Contemporary Clinical Dentistry. 2014, 5 (4): 466–470. PMC 4229754  . PMID 25395761. doi:10.4103/0976-237X.142813.

[sax-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 ^1.6 ^1.7 Lewis, Richard J. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials 9th. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold. 1996: 691.

[2] 赵楠, 吴桐, 王娟, 等. 西吡氯铵含片治疗口腔念珠菌病临床疗效观察 [J/CD] . 中华口腔医学研究杂志（电子版）,2018,12 (3): 158-163. DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2018.03.004

[3] ttps://www.nmpa.gov.cn/wwwroot/hy5/094.htm^{[失效連結]}

[4] Xu H, Zou G, Zhang X. [Clinical observation of cetylpyridinium chloride buccal tablets combined with Chinese patent medicine in the treatment of acute pharyngitis]. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2020 Aug;34(8):755-757. Chinese. doi: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2020.08.018. PMID 32842213; PMCID: PMC10127928.

[5] Asadoorian, Joanna; Williams, Karen. Cetylpyridinium chloride mouth rinse on gingivitis and plaque. Journal of Dental Hygiene. 2008, 82 (5).

[haps-6] Haps, S.; Slot, D. E.; Berchier, C. E.; Van Der Weijden, G. A. The effect of cetylpyridinium chloride-containing mouth rinses as adjuncts to toothbrushing on plaque and parameters of gingival inflammation: A systematic review. International Journal of Dental Hygiene. 2008, 6 (4): 290–303. PMID 19138180. doi:10.1111/j.1601-5037.2008.00344.x.

[uslc-1-7] Rahman, B.; Alkawas, S.; Al Zubaidi, E. A.; Adel, O. I.; Hawas, N. Comparative antiplaque and antigingivitis effectiveness of tea tree oil mouthwash and a cetylpyridinium chloride mouthwash: A randomized controlled crossover study. Contemporary Clinical Dentistry. 2014, 5 (4): 466–470. PMC 4229754  . PMID 25395761. doi:10.4103/0976-237X.142813.

[2]

[3]

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[4]

[5]

[6]

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西吡氯铵


IUPAC名 1-Hexadecylpyridinium chloride
别名	Acetoquat CPC; Pyrisept EXADECYL-PYRIDINIUM, CHLORIDE
识别
CAS号	123-03-5 ^Y 6004-24-6（(monohydrate) D08AJ03, D09AA07 (dressing), R02AA06） ^Y
PubChem	31239
ChemSpider	28979
SMILES	[Cl-].[n+]1(ccccc1)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
InChI	1/C21H38N.ClH/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-16-19-22-20-17-15-18-21-22;/h15,17-18,20-21H,2-14,16,19H2,1H3;1H/q+1;/p-1
InChIKey	YMKDRGPMQRFJGP-REWHXWOFAU
Beilstein	3578606
ChEBI	32915
性质
化学式	C₂₁H₃₈ClN
摩尔质量	339.99 g·mol⁻¹
外观	Solid
熔点	77 °C（350 K）
药理学
ATC代码	B05CA01（B05）
危险性
致死量或浓度：
LD₅₀（中位剂量）	36 mg/kg (rabbit, iv)^[1] 400 mg/kg (rabbit, oral)^[1] 6 mg/kg (rat, ip)^[1] 30 mg/kg (rat, iv)^[1] 200 mg/kg (rat, oral)^[1] 250 mg/kg (rat, sc)^[1] 10 mg/kg (mouse, ip)^[1] 108 mg/kg (mouse, oral)^[1]
若非注明，所有数据均出自标准状态（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。