西吡氯铵

化合物

西吡氯铵(cetylpyridinium chloride,CPC)是一种阳离子季铵盐化合物,属阳离子表面活性剂,全名:氯化十六烷基吡啶水合物[2](1-氯化十六烷基吡啶的一水合物[3]),主要通过降低表面张力而起到抑菌和杀菌作用,对于细菌、病毒、真菌等均有良好疗效。該化合物用于某些类型的漱口水牙膏润喉糖咽喉喷雾剂英语Chloraseptic口腔喷雾剂鼻腔喷雾剂英语Nasal spray中。

西吡氯铵
Skeletal formula of cetylpyridinium cation with a chloride anion
Space-filling models of the component ions of cetylpyridinium chloride
IUPAC名
1-Hexadecylpyridinium chloride
别名 Acetoquat CPC;
Pyrisept

EXADECYL-PYRIDINIUM, CHLORIDE

识别
CAS号 123-03-5  checkY
6004-24-6((monohydrate) D08AJ03,
D09AA07 (dressing), R02AA06 checkY
PubChem 31239
ChemSpider 28979
SMILES
 
  • [Cl-].[n+]1(ccccc1)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
InChI
 
  • 1/C21H38N.ClH/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-16-19-22-20-17-15-18-21-22;/h15,17-18,20-21H,2-14,16,19H2,1H3;1H/q+1;/p-1
InChIKey YMKDRGPMQRFJGP-REWHXWOFAU
Beilstein 3578606
ChEBI 32915
性质
化学式 C21H38ClN
摩尔质量 339.99 g·mol−1
外观 Solid
熔点 77 °C(350 K)
药理学
ATC代码 B05CA01B05
危险性
致死量或浓度:
LD50中位剂量
36 mg/kg (rabbit, iv)[1]
400 mg/kg (rabbit, oral)[1]
6 mg/kg (rat, ip)[1]
30 mg/kg (rat, iv)[1]
200 mg/kg (rat, oral)[1]
250 mg/kg (rat, sc)[1]
10 mg/kg (mouse, ip)[1]
108 mg/kg (mouse, oral)[1]
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

西吡氯铵是一种抗菌剂,但不属于抗生素[4],可杀死细菌和其他微生物。它已证明能有效预防牙菌斑和减少牙龈炎[5][6],还可用於某些杀虫剂[7]

参考文献

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Lewis, Richard J. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials  9th. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold. 1996: 691. 
  2. ^ 赵楠, 吴桐, 王娟, 等. 西吡氯铵含片治疗口腔念珠菌病临床疗效观察 [J/CD] . 中华口腔医学研究杂志(电子版),2018,12 (3): 158-163. DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1366.2018.03.004
  3. ^ https://www.nmpa.gov.cn/wwwroot/hy5/094.htm
  4. ^ Xu H, Zou G, Zhang X. [Clinical observation of cetylpyridinium chloride buccal tablets combined with Chinese patent medicine in the treatment of acute pharyngitis]. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2020 Aug;34(8):755-757. Chinese. doi: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2020.08.018. PMID 32842213; PMCID: PMC10127928.
  5. ^ Asadoorian, Joanna; Williams, Karen. Cetylpyridinium chloride mouth rinse on gingivitis and plaque. Journal of Dental Hygiene. 2008, 82 (5). 
  6. ^ Haps, S.; Slot, D. E.; Berchier, C. E.; Van Der Weijden, G. A. The effect of cetylpyridinium chloride-containing mouth rinses as adjuncts to toothbrushing on plaque and parameters of gingival inflammation: A systematic review. International Journal of Dental Hygiene. 2008, 6 (4): 290–303. PMID 19138180. doi:10.1111/j.1601-5037.2008.00344.x. 
  7. ^ Rahman, B.; Alkawas, S.; Al Zubaidi, E. A.; Adel, O. I.; Hawas, N. Comparative antiplaque and antigingivitis effectiveness of tea tree oil mouthwash and a cetylpyridinium chloride mouthwash: A randomized controlled crossover study. Contemporary Clinical Dentistry. 2014, 5 (4): 466–470. PMC 4229754 . PMID 25395761. doi:10.4103/0976-237X.142813.