联邦优先权

联邦优先权（英语：Federal Preemption）指的是在美国法律中，与联邦法相冲突的州法为无效。

宪法基础

根据《美利坚合众国宪法》的“至高条款”：

“ 本宪法及依本宪法所制定之合众国法律；以及合众国已经缔结及将要缔结的一切条约，皆为全国之最高法律；每个州的法官都应受其约束，任何一州宪法或法律中的任何内容与之抵触时，均不得有违这一规定。 ” ——《美利坚合众国宪法》第Ⅵ条第2款

正如美国最高法院在“奥驰亚集团公司诉古德案”的裁决中所说，与州法相冲突的联邦法将“优先于”州法。

相关条目

• 法律优位原则
• 欧盟法律首要地位

延伸阅读

• William W. Buzbee. Preemption Choice: The Theory, Law, and Reality of Federalism's Core Question. Cambridge University Press. 2008. ISBN 9780521888059. 
• Milbank Memorial Fund; Larry Ogalthorpe Gostin. Larry O. Gostin; Lawrence Ogalthorpe Gostin , 编. Public Health Law and Ethics: A Reader. University of California Press. 2002. ISBN 9780520231740. 
• Nicholas A. Ashford; Charles C. Caldart. Technology, Law, and the Working Environment: Revised Edition. Island Press. 1996. ISBN 9781559634465. 
• 纽约大学法学院. Alan B. Morrison , 编. Fundamentals of American Law. Oxford University Press. 1996. ISBN 9780198764052. 
• Donald E. Lively; Russell L. Weaver. Contemporary Supreme Court Cases: Landmark Decisions Since Roe V. Wade. Greenwood Publishing Group. 2006. ISBN 9780313335143. 
• Louis Henkin. Foreign Affairs and the United States Constitution. Oxford University Press. 1996. ISBN 9780198260981. 
• Christopher R. Drahozal; Carter G. Phillips. The Supremacy Clause: A Reference Guide to the United States Constitution. Greenwood Publishing Group. 2004. ISBN 9780313314476. 
• Ronen Perry. Differential Preemption. Ohio State Law Journal. 2011-02-29, 72: 822–879. SSRN 1838245 .