维基百科

遮罗迦本集

古代梵语医学书籍

遮罗迦本集（梵语：चरक संहिता，罗马化：caraka-saṃhitā）是一部以梵语撰写的阿育吠陀（印度传统医学）文献[1][2]。它与《妙闻集（英语：Sushruta Samhita）》共同为古印度在此领域中流传下来的两部基础文献[3][4][5]。

该书据称内容首先由阿特里雅教授，此后由阿格尼维夏编纂成书，并由遮罗迦（英语：Charaka）修订，如今留存的手稿都是经过陀哩陀波罗（Dridhabala）编辑过的[6]。

公元2世纪前的正文包括8部书和120章节[7][8]。其描述了古代关于人体、各种疾病的原因论、症状学以及药理学的理论[9]。书中还包括了一些描述饮食、卫生、预防、医学教育之重要性的章节，以及恢复健康所需的医生、护士和病人的合作[10][11][12]。

参考资料

  1. ^ Meulenbeld, G. J. A History of Indian Medical Literature (Groningen, 1999-2002), vol. IA, pp. 7-180. OCLC 165833440.
  2. ^ Valiathan, M. S. (2003) The Legacy of Caraka Orient Longman ISBN 81-250-2505-7 reviewed in Current Science, Vol.85 No.7 Oct 2003, Indian Academy of Sciences seen at [1] （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） June 1, 2006
  3. ^ E. Schultheisz (1981), History of Physiology, Pergamon Press, ISBN 978-0080273426, page 60-61, Quote: "(...) the Charaka Samhita and the Susruta Samhita, both being recensions of two ancient traditions of the Hindu medicine".
  4. ^ Wendy Doniger (2014), On Hinduism, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0199360079, page 79, Quote: A basic assumption of Hindu medical texts like the Charaka Samhita (composed sometime between 100 BCE and 100 CE) is the doctrine of the three (...);
    Sarah Boslaugh (2007), Encyclopedia of Epidemiology, Volume 1, SAGE Publications, ISBN 978-1412928168, page 547, Quote: "The Hindu text known as Sushruta Samhita (600 AD) is possibly the earliest effort to classify diseases and injuries"
  5. ^ Thomas Banchoff (2009), Religious pluralism, globalization, and world politics, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0195323412, page 284, Quote: An early Hindu text, the Caraka Samhita, vividly describes the beginning of life (...)
  6. ^ Bhavana KR and Shreevathsa. Medical geography in Charaka Samhita.. Ayu. 2014, 35 (4): 371–377. PMC 4492020  . PMID 26195898. doi:10.4103/0974-8520.158984. 
  7. ^ Balodhi JP. Constituting the outlines of a philosophy of ayurveda: mainly on mental health import.. Indian J Psychiatry. 1987, 29 (2): 127–31. PMC 3172459  . PMID 21927226. 
  8. ^ Meulenbeld, Gerrit Jan. Caraka, his identity and date. A History of Indian Medical Literature. Groningen: E. Forsten. 1999-01-01. IA, part 1, chapter 10. ISBN 978-9069801247. OCLC 42207455 （英语）. 
  9. ^ Ariel Glucklich. The Strides of Vishnu: Hindu Culture in Historical Perspective. Oxford University Press, USA. 2008: 141–142. ISBN 978-0-19-531405-2. 
  10. ^ Robert Svoboda. Ayurveda: Life, Health and Longevity. Penguin Books. 1992: 189–190. ISBN 978-0140193220. 
  11. ^ MS Valiathan (2009), An Ayurvedic view of life, Current Science, Volume 96, Issue 9, pages 1186-1192
  12. ^ F.A. Hassler, Charaka Samhita （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Science, Vol. 22, No. 545, pages 17-18
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