万有在神论
万有在神论(Panentheism,意思是“一切在神里”,源自希腊语的πᾶν pân“所有”, "all", ἐν en“在”和Θεός Theós“神”)[1]是指万物均在神之内 但神本身则外在于万物的观念。
简述
Panentheism的词语是由德国哲学家卡尔·克里斯蒂安·弗里德里希·克劳泽在1828年所创,为了要将格奥尔格·威廉·弗里德里希·黑格尔(1770–1831)以及弗里德里希·谢林 (1775–1854)对于神和宇宙的关系,和巴鲁赫·斯宾诺莎提出的泛神论分开[1]。泛神论认为神与万物是一样的[2],而万有在神论认为神和世俗有本体上的差异,两者都很重要。
观点
类似的观念
汎神论是类似于泛神论的有神论分支,泛神论声称万物的总和就是神,而汎神论声称万物的总和只是神的一部份,如同浪花是大海的一部份[5]。汎神论与万物在神论之间的不同之处在于万物在神论认为万物存在于神之内 而不是神的一部份。
相关条目
参考资料
- ^ 1.0 1.1 John Culp (2013): “Panentheism” (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved 18 March 2014.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Erwin Fahlbusch; Geoffrey William Bromiley; David B. Barrett. The Encyclopedia of Christianity 4. William B. Eerdmans. 2005: 21 [2020-09-17]. ISBN 978-0-8028-2416-5. (原始内容存档于2021-02-23).
- ^ “Pantheism and Panentheism in non-Western cultures” (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), in: Britannica.
- ^ Whiting, Robert. Religions for Today (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). Stanley Thomes, London 1991, p. viii. ISBN 0-7487-0586-4.
- ^ 未來世界是泛神論的世界,神創論會先被無神論扳倒,但泛神論會傳遍全世界. laoism.laotzutao.com. [2023-08-02]. (原始内容存档于2023-08-02).
参考书目
- Ankur Barua, "God’s Body at Work: Rāmānuja and Panentheism," in: International Journal of Hindu Studies, 14,1 (2010), pp. 1–30.
- Philip Clayton and Arthur Peacock (eds.), In Whom We Live and Move and Have Our Being; Panentheistic Reflections on God's Presence in a Scientific World, Eerdmans (2004)
- Bangert, B.C. (2006). Consenting to God and nature: Toward a theocentric, naturalistic, theological ethics, Princeton theological monograph ser. 55, Pickwick Publications, Eugene.
- Cooper, John W. (2006). Panentheism: The Other God of the Philosophers, Baker Academic ISBN 9780801027246
- Davis, Andrew M. and Philip Clayton (eds.) (2018). How I Found God in Everyone and Everywhere, Monkfish Book Publishing ISBN 9781939681881
- Thomas Jay Oord (2010). The Nature of Love: A Theology ISBN 978-0-8272-0828-5.
- Joseph Bracken, "Panentheism in the context of the theology and science dialogue", in: Open Theology, 1 (2014), 1–11 (online (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)).
- Marbaniang, Domenic. Epistemics of Divine Reality. POD. 2011. ISBN 9781105160776.