MT-TV

MT-TV
识别号
别名	MT-TV；, TRNV
外部ID	OMIM：590105 MGI：102472 GeneCards：MT-TV
直系同源
	4577
	17745
	ENSG00000210077
	ENSMUSG00000064338
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	维基数据
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MT-TV是位于线粒体DNA上的一个长69碱基对（bp）的非编码基因^[3]，编码线粒体缬氨酸转运RNA（tRNA）MT-tRNA^Val^[4]。

结构

MT-TV基因长69碱基对，编码长69核苷酸残基的线粒体缬氨酸转运RNA（tRNA），能在线粒体翻译过程中将游离的缬氨酸运输至转录中的线粒体核糖体上。线粒体缬氨酸转运RNA与一般的转运RNA相同，呈现有三个臂的三叶草结构^[5]。

MT-TV编码的MT-tRNA^Val能整合到线粒体核糖体大亚基的中央突起（central protuberance）区域，成为核糖体结构的一部份，起到类似细胞质核糖体中5S 核糖体RNA（不存在于线粒体核糖体中）的功能、为线粒体核糖体正常运作所需^[6]。此现象可能与MT-TV基因的位点位于两个编码线粒体rRNA的基因MT-RNR1以及MT-RNR2之间有关，因为在细菌中，5S rDNA也临近其他rDNA^[7]。除MT-tRNA^Val外，MT-TP（英语：MT-TP）编码的MT-tRNA^Phe也能起到相似作用。且在MT-TV编码的tRNA数量不足的情况下，MT-tRNA^Phe会代偿性增加，补偿不足的MT-tRNA^Val^[8]。

临床医学

人MT-TV基因的1642G>A、1644G>A等突变会造成线粒体氧化还原功能的缺陷，导致MELAS症候群等线粒体肌病^[9]。人MT-TV基因的1624C>T突变也可能导致影响中枢神经、肾脏、心脏等多个器官的Leigh综合征（英语：Leigh syndrome）^[10]；人MT-TV基因的1606A>G突变则会造成听觉丧失、进行性癫痫发作，以及精神性疾病^[11]。

目前MT-TV突变的致病机理尚不十分明确^[9]。

参见

参考资料

^ Human PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Mouse PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ MT-TV mitochondrially encoded tRNA valine [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. [2021-07-25]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-06）（英语）.
^ Anderson S, Bankier AT, Barrell BG, de Bruijn MH, Coulson AR, Drouin J, et al. Sequence and organization of the human mitochondrial genome. Nature. April 1981, 290 (5806): 457–65. Bibcode:1981Natur.290..457A. PMID 7219534. S2CID 4355527. doi:10.1038/290457a0.
^ tRNA / transfer RNA. Learn Science at Scitable. [2021-07-25]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-01）.
^ Brown A, Amunts A, Bai XC, Sugimoto Y, Edwards PC, Murshudov G, et al. Structure of the large ribosomal subunit from human mitochondria. Science. November 2014, 346 (6210): 718–722. Bibcode:2014Sci...346..718B. PMC 4246062  . PMID 25278503. doi:10.1126/science.1258026.
^ Brown, A.; Amunts, A.; Bai, X.-c.; Sugimoto, Y.; Edwards, P. C.; Murshudov, G.; Scheres, S. H. W.; Ramakrishnan, V. Structure of the large ribosomal subunit from human mitochondria. Science. 2014, 346 (6210): 718–722. ISSN 0036-8075. doi:10.1126/science.1258026.
^ Rorbach, Joanna; Gao, Fei; Powell, Christopher A.; D’Souza, Aaron; Lightowlers, Robert N.; Minczuk, Michal; Chrzanowska-Lightowlers, Zofia M. Human mitochondrial ribosomes can switch their structural RNA composition. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2016, 113 (43): 12198–12201. ISSN 0027-8424. doi:10.1073/pnas.1609338113.
^ ^9.0 ^9.1 MT-TV gene. Genetics Home Reference. [2021-07-25]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-28）（英语）. 本文含有此来源中属于公有领域的内容。
^ McFarland R, Clark KM, Morris AA, Taylor RW, Macphail S, Lightowlers RN, Turnbull DM. Multiple neonatal deaths due to a homoplasmic mitochondrial DNA mutation. Nature Genetics. February 2002, 30 (2): 145–6. PMID 11799391. S2CID 10940372. doi:10.1038/ng819.
^ Tiranti V, D'Agruma L, Pareyson D, Mora M, Carrara F, Zelante L, et al. A novel mutation in the mitochondrial tRNA(Val) gene associated with a complex neurological presentation. Annals of Neurology. January 1998, 43 (1): 98–101. PMID 9450773. S2CID 25775432. doi:10.1002/ana.410430116.

[1] Human PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[2] Mouse PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[entrez-3] MT-TV mitochondrially encoded tRNA valine [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. [2021-07-25]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-06）（英语）.

[pmid7219534-4] Anderson S, Bankier AT, Barrell BG, de Bruijn MH, Coulson AR, Drouin J, et al. Sequence and organization of the human mitochondrial genome. Nature. April 1981, 290 (5806): 457–65. Bibcode:1981Natur.290..457A. PMID 7219534. S2CID 4355527. doi:10.1038/290457a0.

[5] tRNA / transfer RNA. Learn Science at Scitable. [2021-07-25]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-01）.

[6] Brown A, Amunts A, Bai XC, Sugimoto Y, Edwards PC, Murshudov G, et al. Structure of the large ribosomal subunit from human mitochondria. Science. November 2014, 346 (6210): 718–722. Bibcode:2014Sci...346..718B. PMC 4246062  . PMID 25278503. doi:10.1126/science.1258026.

[BrownAmunts2014-7] Brown, A.; Amunts, A.; Bai, X.-c.; Sugimoto, Y.; Edwards, P. C.; Murshudov, G.; Scheres, S. H. W.; Ramakrishnan, V. Structure of the large ribosomal subunit from human mitochondria. Science. 2014, 346 (6210): 718–722. ISSN 0036-8075. doi:10.1126/science.1258026.

[RorbachGao2016-8] Rorbach, Joanna; Gao, Fei; Powell, Christopher A.; D’Souza, Aaron; Lightowlers, Robert N.; Minczuk, Michal; Chrzanowska-Lightowlers, Zofia M. Human mitochondrial ribosomes can switch their structural RNA composition. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2016, 113 (43): 12198–12201. ISSN 0027-8424. doi:10.1073/pnas.1609338113.

[GHR-9] 9.0 ^9.1 MT-TV gene. Genetics Home Reference. [2021-07-25]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-28）（英语）. 本文含有此来源中属于公有领域的内容。

[10] McFarland R, Clark KM, Morris AA, Taylor RW, Macphail S, Lightowlers RN, Turnbull DM. Multiple neonatal deaths due to a homoplasmic mitochondrial DNA mutation. Nature Genetics. February 2002, 30 (2): 145–6. PMID 11799391. S2CID 10940372. doi:10.1038/ng819.

[11] Tiranti V, D'Agruma L, Pareyson D, Mora M, Carrara F, Zelante L, et al. A novel mutation in the mitochondrial tRNA(Val) gene associated with a complex neurological presentation. Annals of Neurology. January 1998, 43 (1): 98–101. PMID 9450773. S2CID 25775432. doi:10.1002/ana.410430116.

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