和平祭壇博物館
和平祭壇（拉丁語：Ara Pacis Augustae）是一個供奉和平女神的祭壇，公元前13年7月4日由羅馬元老院修建，以慶祝羅馬皇帝奧古斯都從西班牙和高盧凱旋[1]，公元前9年1月30日羅馬元老院進行祝聖，以慶祝奧古斯都勝利後為帝國帶來的和平[2]。它試圖描繪羅馬和平時期的和平與繁榮，並提醒人們，這些是因朱里亞·克勞狄王朝帶來的羅馬帝國的軍事優勢而有的。
祭壇的形制類似古羅馬早期的露天祭壇，而四周的浮雕明顯帶有古希臘古典時期的雕塑風格。祭壇分上下兩部分。下部為裝飾性圖案，象徵着奧古斯都統治下的和平與富饒，上部是敘事性浮雕，包括慶祝祭壇設立的遊行場面以及象徵性內容。北面的浮雕中有帝國官員和妻兒走向入口的形象，南面的浮雕記錄了皇室的成員。
參考文獻
- ^ "On my return from Spain and Gaul in the consulship of Tiberius Nero and Publius Quintilius after successfully arranging affairs in those provinces, the senate resolved that an altar of the Augustan Peace should be consecrated next to Campus Martius in honor of my return, and ordered that the magistrates and priests and Vestal Virgins should perform an annual sacrifice there....By new laws passed on my proposal I brought back into use many exemplary practices of our ancestors which were disappearing in our time, and in many ways I myself transmitted exemplary practices to posterity for their imitation." (Acts of the Divine Augustus 2.2; 8.5.
- ^ Crow, Charlotte. The Ara Pacis. History Today. June 2006, 56 (6): 5. ; Samuel Ball Platner.
- Conlin, Diane Atnally 1997. The Artists of the Ara Pacis: The Process of Hellenization in Roman Relief Sculpture (Studies in the History of Greece and Rome University of North Carolina Press)
- Peter J. Holliday, "Time, History, and Ritual on the Ara Pacis Augustae" The Art Bulletin 72.4 (December 1990:542-557) doi:10.2307/3045761
- Rossini, Orietta 2006. Ara Pacis, Milan, Electa/. ISBN 8837043791
- Official web site of the Ara Pacis Museum of Rome（頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
