維基百科

細菌微區室

細菌微區室（英語：Bacterial microcompartment，BMC）是細菌中一種類胞器的結構，為多種蛋白質組成的複合體[2][3][4][5][6]，由外層的結構蛋白包裹內部的酵素，外型呈正二十面體或近似正二十面體，直徑一般介於40至200奈米之間。微區室外層的結構蛋白有類似膜的功能，將內外物質分隔，並可選擇性地讓部分物質進出[4][7][8]。

細菌微區室的結構示意圖
化學自營細菌Halothiobacillus neapolitanus的羧酶體（電子顯微鏡圖像），比例尺為100奈米[1]

羧酶體為最早被發現的細菌微區室，可促進固碳作用的微區室，內含RuBisCO和碳酸酐酶兩種酵素，此微區室是1950年代研究人員使用電子顯微鏡觀察藍菌時發現[9]，並於1973年被命名[10]。1990年代以前僅知自營細菌具有微區室，隨後漸在多種異營細菌中發現參與其他代謝作用的微區室，通稱為代謝體（metabolosome）[11][12]。不同種類的細菌微區室中的酵素不同，但外殼結構蛋白相似，一般構成蛋白六聚體（或擬六聚體）後再組成二十面體的外殼。

細菌微區室的功能示意圖：（A）自營細菌的羧酶體；（B）異營細菌的代謝體[13]

參見


參考文獻

  1. ^ Tsai Y, Sawaya MR, Cannon GC, et al. Structural Analysis of CsoS1A and the Protein Shell of the Halothiobacillus neapolitanus Carboxysome. PLOS Biol. June 2007, 5 (6): e144. PMC 1872035  . PMID 17518518. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0050144. 
  2. ^ Sutter, Markus; Melnicki, Matthew R.; Schulz, Frederik; Woyke, Tanja; Kerfeld, Cheryl A. A catalog of the diversity and ubiquity of bacterial microcompartments. Nature Communications. December 2021, 12 (1): 3809. Bibcode:2021NatCo..12.3809S. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 8217296  . PMID 34155212. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-24126-4 （英語）. 
  3. ^ Cheng, Shouqiang; Liu, Yu; Crowley, Christopher S.; Yeates, Todd O.; Bobik, Thomas A. Bacterial microcompartments: their properties and paradoxes. BioEssays. 2008, 30 (11–12): 1084–1095. ISSN 0265-9247. PMC 3272490  . PMID 18937343. doi:10.1002/bies.20830. 
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  5. ^ Yeates, Todd O.; Kerfeld, Cheryl A.; Heinhorst, Sabine; Cannon, Gordon C.; Shively, Jessup M. Protein-based organelles in bacteria: carboxysomes and related microcompartments. Nature Reviews Microbiology. 2008, 6 (9): 681–691. ISSN 1740-1526. PMID 18679172. S2CID 22666203. doi:10.1038/nrmicro1913. 
  6. ^ Heinhorst, Sabine; Cannon, Gordon C., Jendrossek, Dieter , 編, Bacterial Microcompartments, Bacterial Organelles and Organelle-like Inclusions 34 (Cham: Springer International Publishing), 2020, 34: 125–147 [2021-09-17], ISBN 978-3-030-60172-0, S2CID 240735306, doi:10.1007/978-3-030-60173-7_6 （英語） 
  7. ^ Kerfeld, Cheryl A.; Erbilgin, Onur. Bacterial microcompartments and the modular construction of microbial metabolism. Trends in Microbiology. 2015, 23 (1): 22–34. ISSN 0966-842X. PMID 25455419. doi:10.1016/j.tim.2014.10.003  . 
  8. ^ Kerfeld, Cheryl A.; Heinhorst, Sabine; Cannon, Gordon C. Bacterial Microcompartments. Annual Review of Microbiology (Submitted manuscript). 2010, 64 (1): 391–408 [2022-11-16]. ISSN 0066-4227. PMC 6022854  . PMID 20825353. doi:10.1146/annurev.micro.112408.134211. （原始內容存檔於2022-11-16）. 
  9. ^ G. DREWS & W. NIKLOWITZ. [Cytology of Cyanophycea. II. Centroplasm and granular inclusions of Phormidium uncinatum]. Archiv für Mikrobiologie. 1956, 24 (2): 147–162. PMID 13327992. 
  10. ^ Shively JM, Ball F, Brown DH, Saunders RE. Functional organelles in prokaryotes: polyhedral inclusions (carboxysomes) of Thiobacillus neapolitanus. Science. November 1973, 182 (4112): 584–586. Bibcode:1973Sci...182..584S. PMID 4355679. S2CID 10097616. doi:10.1126/science.182.4112.584. 
  11. ^ P. Chen, D. I. Andersson & J. R. Roth. The control region of the pdu/cob regulon in Salmonella typhimurium. Journal of Bacteriology. September 1994, 176 (17): 5474–5482. PMC 196736  . PMID 8071226. doi:10.1128/jb.176.17.5474-5482.1994. 
  12. ^ Brinsmade, S. R.; Paldon, T.; Escalante-Semerena, J. C. Minimal Functions and Physiological Conditions Required for Growth of Salmonella enterica on Ethanolamine in the Absence of the Metabolosome. Journal of Bacteriology. 2005, 187 (23): 8039–8046. ISSN 0021-9193. PMC 1291257  . PMID 16291677. doi:10.1128/JB.187.23.8039-8046.2005. 
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