麻瘋樹屬
大戟科的一属植物
麻瘋樹屬（學名：Jatropha）也稱麻風樹屬，是大戟科下大戟屬被子植物的一個屬。它包含約170多種植物，為多肉植物、灌木和樹木（有些為落葉植物，如桐油樹）。該屬分布於熱帶和亞熱帶地區。[2]其中大部分原產於美洲，在舊大陸有66種[3]。植物生產單獨的雄花和雌花。 與大戟科的許多成員一樣，麻風樹含有劇毒的化合物。 傳統上，麻風樹品種已用於制籃，製革和染料生產。 在2000年代，一種麻瘋樹桐油樹（Jatropha curcas）引起了作為生物柴油生產的油料作物的興趣。
麻瘋樹屬
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| 全緣葉珊瑚 Jatropha integerrima | |
科學分類 
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| 界： | 植物界 Plantae |
| 演化支： | 維管束植物 Tracheophyta |
| 演化支： | 被子植物 Angiosperms |
| 演化支： | 真雙子葉植物 Eudicots |
| 演化支： | 薔薇類植物 Rosids |
| 目： | 金虎尾目 Malpighiales |
| 科： | 大戟科 Euphorbiaceae |
| 亞科： | 巴豆亞科 Crotonoideae |
| 族： | 麻瘋樹族 Jatropheae |
| 屬： | 麻瘋樹屬 Jatropha L., 1753[1] |
| 物種 | |
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約170個，見文中。 | |
屬名Jatropha源於希臘語itros（醫生）和trophe（食物）的合成詞，指本屬植物多為藥用。
物種
本屬包括以下物種：
- Jatropha acanthophylla Loefgr.
- Jatropha aceroides (Pax & K.Hoffm.) Hutch.
- Jatropha aculeatissima Colla
- Jatropha aethiopica Müll.Arg.
- Jatropha afrotuberosa Radcl.-Sm. & Govaerts
- Jatropha alamanii Müll.Arg.
- Jatropha andrieuxii Müll.Arg.
- Jatropha angustidens Brandegee, 1891
- Jatropha angustifolia Griseb.
- Jatropha angustifolia Steud.
- Jatropha arborea Glaz.
- Jatropha aspleniifolia Pax
- Jatropha atacorensis A.Chev.
- Jatropha augusti Pax & K.Hoffm.
- Jatropha bartlettii Wilbur
- Jatropha baumii Pax
- 錦珊瑚 Jatropha berlandieri Torr., 1859，為Jatropha cathartica Terán & Berland.的異名
- Jatropha botswanica Radcl.-Sm.
- Jatropha breviloba (Morong) Pax & K.Hoffm.
- Jatropha brockmanii Hutch.
- Jatropha bullockii E.J.Lott
- Jatropha calcarea Fern.Casas
- Jatropha calyculata Vahl ex Steud.
- Jatropha campestris S.Moore
- Jatropha canescens (Benth.) Müll.Arg.
- Jatropha capensis (L.f.) Sond.
- Jatropha cardiophylla (Torr.) Müll.Arg.
- Jatropha cathartica Terán & Berland.
- Jatropha catingae Ule
- Jatropha chamelensis Pérez-Jim.
- Jatropha chazaroi O.Sanchez, J.Jimenez Ram. & Arzaba, 2023
- Jatropha chevalieri Beille
- Jatropha ciliata Sessé
- Jatropha cinerea (Ortega) Müll.Arg.
- Jatropha clavuligera Müll.Arg.
- Jatropha cleomifolia Müll.Arg., 1874
- Jatropha cluytioides Pax & K.Hoffm., 1910
- Jatropha collina Thulin
- Jatropha confusa Hutch.
- Jatropha contrerasii J.Jiménez Ram. & Mart.Gord.
- Jatropha conzattii J.Jiménez Ram.
- Jatropha cordata (Ortega) Müll.Arg.
- Jatropha costaricensis G.L.Webster & Poveda
- Jatropha crinita Müll.Arg.
- Jatropha cuneata Wiggins & Rollins
- 桐油樹 Jatropha curcas L.，麻風樹
- Jatropha decipiens M.E.Jones
- Jatropha decumbens Pax & K.Hoffm.
- Jatropha dehganii J.Jiménez Ram.
- Jatropha dhofarica Radcl.-Sm.
- Jatropha dichtar J.F.Macbr.
- Jatropha dioica Sessé
- Jatropha dioica Sessé ex Cerv.
- Jatropha dissecta (Chodat & Hassl.) Pax
- Jatropha divaricata Sw.
- Jatropha diversifolia Steud.
- Jatropha elbae J.Jiménez Ram.
- Jatropha ellenbeckii Pax
- Jatropha elliptica (Pohl) Oken
- Jatropha elliptica Müll.Arg., 1874
- Jatropha erythropoda Pax & K.Hoffm.
- Jatropha euarguta M.G.Gilbert & Thulin
- Jatropha excisa Griseb.
- Jatropha fischeri Steud.
- Jatropha fremontioides Standl.
- Jatropha gallabatensis Schweinf.
- Jatropha galvanii J.Jiménez Ram. & L.M.Contr.
- Jatropha gaumeri Greenm.
- Jatropha giffordiana Dehgan & G.L.Webster
- Jatropha glandulifera Roxb.
- Jatropha glauca Vahl
- Jatropha glaucovirens Pax & K.Hoffm.
- 棉葉珊瑚花 Jatropha gossypiifolia L.
- Jatropha grossidentata Pax & K.Hoffm.
- Jatropha guaranitica Speg.
- Jatropha hastata Griseb.
- Jatropha hernandiifolia Vent.
- Jatropha heynei N.P.Balakr.
- Jatropha hieronymi Kuntze
- Jatropha hildebrandtii Pax
- Jatropha hildebrandtii Radcl.-Sm.
- Jatropha hippocastanifolia Croizat
- Jatropha hirsuta Hochst.
- Jatropha horizontalis M.G.Gilbert
- Jatropha humboldtiana McVaugh
- Jatropha humifusa Thulin
- Jatropha hypogyna Radcl.-Sm. & Thulin
- Jatropha inaequispina Thulin
- 琴葉珊瑚 Jatropha integerrima Jacq.
- Jatropha intermedia (Chodat & Hassl.) Pax
- Jatropha isabellei Müll.Arg.
- Jatropha jaimejimenezii V.W.Steinm.
- Jatropha kamerunica Pax & K.Hoffm.
- Jatropha krusei J.Jiménez Ram. & Mart.Gord.
- Jatropha laciniosa Mart., 1874
- Jatropha lagarinthoides Sond.
- Jatropha latifolia Pax
- Jatropha loeflingii Aresch.
- Jatropha longibracteata A.S.Moreira & Carn.-Torres, 2020[4]
- Jatropha loristipula Radcl.-Sm.
- Jatropha macrantha Müll.Arg.
- Jatropha macrocarpa Griseb.
- Jatropha macrophylla Pax & K.Hoffm.
- Jatropha macrorhiza Benth.
- Jatropha mahafalensis Jum. & H.Perrier
- Jatropha maheshwarii Subram. & M.P.Nayar
- Jatropha malacophylla Standl.
- Jatropha marginata Chiov.
- Jatropha marmorata Thulin
- Jatropha martiusii (Pohl) Baill.
- Jatropha mcvaughii Dehgan & G.L.Webster
- Jatropha melanosperma Pax
- Jatropha microdonta Radcl.-Sm.
- Jatropha mirandana J.Jiménez Ram. & K.Vega
- Jatropha miskatensis Thulin
- Jatropha mollis Pax
- Jatropha mollissima (Pohl) Baill.
- Jatropha moluccana Wall., 1847
- Jatropha monroi S.Moore
- Jatropha moranii Dehgan & G.L.Webster
- 珊瑚花 Jatropha multifida L.，紅珊瑚
- Jatropha mutabilis (Pohl) Baill.
- Jatropha nana Dalzell & A.Gibson
- Jatropha napaeifolia Desr., 1797
- Jatropha natalensis Müll.Arg.
- Jatropha neopauciflora Pax
- Jatropha neriifolia Müll.Arg.
- Jatropha nibifolia Baill.
- Jatropha nogalensis Chiov.
- Jatropha nudicaulis Benth.
- Jatropha oaxacana J.Jiménez Ram. & R.Torres
- Jatropha obbiadensis Chiov.
- Jatropha oblanceolata Radcl.-Sm.
- Jatropha orangeana Dinter ex P.G.Mey.
- Jatropha ortegae Standl.
- Jatropha osteocarpa Schott ex Pohl, 1827
- Jatropha pachypoda Pax
- Jatropha pachyrrhiza Radcl.-Sm.
- Jatropha paganuccii A.S.Moreira & Carn.-Torres, 2020[4]
- Jatropha palmatifida Baker
- Jatropha palmatipartita Dehgan
- Jatropha palustris Sessé & Moc.
- Jatropha panduraefolia Andri
- Jatropha paradoxa (Chiov.) Chiov.
- Jatropha pauciflora C.Wright ex Griseb.
- Jatropha paviaefolia Steud., 1840
- Jatropha paxii Croizat
- Jatropha pedersenii Lourteig
- Jatropha peiranoi Lourteig & O'Donell
- Jatropha pelargoniifolia Courbon
- Jatropha peltata Sessé
- Jatropha pereziae J.Jiménez Ram.
- Jatropha phillipseae Rendle
- 佛肚樹 Jatropha podagrica Hook.
- Jatropha prunifolia Pax
- Jatropha prunifolia Pax ex Engl.
- Jatropha pseudocurcas Müll.Arg.
- Jatropha purpura Rose & Pax
- Jatropha purpurea Rose
- Jatropha purpureorostata Steud., 1840
- Jatropha ribifolia (Pohl) Baill.
- Jatropha riojae Miranda
- Jatropha rivae Pax
- Jatropha robecchii Pax
- Jatropha rosea Radcl.-Sm.
- Jatropha rufescens Brandegee
- Jatropha rzedowskii J.Jiménez Ram.
- Jatropha scaposa Radcl.-Sm.
- Jatropha schlechteri Pax
- Jatropha schweinfurthii Pax
- Jatropha seineri Pax
- Jatropha somalensis Pax
- Jatropha sotoi-nunyezii Fern.Casas & E.Martínez
- Jatropha spicata Pax
- Jatropha spinosa Vahl
- Jatropha spinosissima Thulin
- Jatropha standleyi Steyerm.
- Jatropha standleyi Steyerm. ex Standl., 1940
- Jatropha stephani J.Jiménez Ram. & Mart.Gord.
- Jatropha stevensii G.L.Webster
- Jatropha stipulacea Müll.Arg.
- Jatropha stuhlmannii Pax
- Jatropha subaequiloba Radcl.-Sm.
- Jatropha sympetala S.F.Blake & Standl.
- Jatropha tanjorensis J.L.Ellis & Saroja
- Jatropha tehuantepecana J.Jiménez Ram. & A.Campos Vilb.
- Jatropha tenuicaulis Thulin
- Jatropha tertiaria Berry, 1929
- Jatropha tetracantha Chiov.
- Jatropha tirucalli L.
- Jatropha tlalcozotitlanensis J.Jiménez Ram.
- Jatropha trifida Chiov.
- Jatropha tropaeolifolia Pax
- Jatropha tupifolia Griseb.
- Jatropha uncinulata Radcl.-Sm.
- Jatropha unicostata Balf.f.
- Jatropha urens Kunth, 1817
- Jatropha variabilis Radcl.-Sm.
- Jatropha variegata Vahl
- Jatropha variifolia Pax
- Jatropha velutina Pax & K.Hoffm.
- Jatropha vernicosa Brandegee
- Jatropha villosa Wight
- Jatropha viminea Retz. ex Steud.
- Jatropha weberbaueri Pax & K.Hoffm.
- Jatropha websteri J.Jiménez Ram.
- Jatropha weddeliana Baill.
- Jatropha woodii Kuntze
- Jatropha zeyheri Sond.
- 雜交種：
- Jatropha ×ceballosii Fern.Casas
- Jatropha ×hastifolia Fern.Casas
- 歸入本屬的物種：
- Adenoropium coccinea Steud., 1840
- Adenoropium forskohlii Pohl
- Curcas adansonii Endl. ex Heynh., 1846
圖片
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在尼加拉瓜，馬那瓜，El Crucero的麻風樹multifida花。 -
在尼加拉瓜，馬那瓜，El Crucero的麻風樹multifida植物。 -
在尼加拉瓜，馬那瓜，El Crucero的麻風樹multifida花與藍色蝴蝶。 -
在尼加拉瓜，馬那瓜，El Crucero的麻風樹multifida花和葉子。 -
Jatropha integerrima -
珊瑚油桐 -
Jatropha pandurifolia -
珊瑚油桐的特寫
參考文獻
- ^ Genus: Jatropha L. Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2007-10-05 [2010-08-13]. （原始內容存檔於2010-05-28）.
- ^ 中国种子植物科属词典. 中國數字植物標本館. [2012-04-10]. （原始內容存檔於2012-04-11）.
- ^ Heller, Joachim. Promoting the Conservation and Use of Underutilized and Neglected Crops Volume 1: Physic Nut, Jatropha Curcas L.. Bioversity International. 1996: 7. ISBN 9789290432784.
- ^ 4.0 4.1 Ariane dos Santos Moreira, José Florencio Cerqueira Oliveira, Inês Cordeiro and Daniela Santos Carneiro Torres. 2020. Two New Species of Jatropha (Euphorbiaceae) from Limestone Outcrops in Brazilian Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests. Phytotaxa. 451(1); 73–82. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.451.1.6