城鐵
城鐵（德語：Stadtbahn，德語發音：[ˈʃtatˌbaːn]）是有軌電車或輕軌以城市軌道交通標準興建的路綫，通常是改造成地鐵過程的一部分，主要用於城市中心地帶以地鐵級別興建隧道。
城鐵網絡多數在1960年代及1970年代實施，目標希望建立全面的地鐵系統，但到了1980年代幾乎所有城市都因財政困難而放棄了這個目標。如今多數城鐵」系統是類似電車-火車系統，並設有地下車站。城鐵的概念最後由德國擴散至其他歐洲國家[1]，最後成為準地鐵[2]。
參考文獻
- ^ Ian Yearsley. Trams are coming back. New Scientist (Reed Business Information Ltd.). 21 December 1972 [2014-01-14].
But instead of building the entire expensive systems immediately, the Germans hit on the idea of building only the city centre tunnels at first. Intended in the long run to be extended to full undergrounds, in the short term they could be used by trams which would continue to run on the surface outside city centres.
- ^ John Hoyle. Letters to the editor -- The tram is the answer. Sydney Morning Herald. 16 May 1975 [2014-01-13]. （原始內容存檔於2020-06-27）.
Cities such as Frankfurt and Cologne in West Germany have further developed their tramway system by introducing a concept known as "premetro." In this system trams or light rail vehicles make extensive use of tunnels, reserve track and by utilizing folding steps these vehicles can operate through high or low stopping places.