牛皮葉屬
牛皮葉屬（學名：Sticta）為地卷菌科的一個地衣屬。 該屬分佈廣泛，特別是在熱帶地區，包括約 114 種[1]。 這些地衣具有多葉的外觀，顏色為棕色或黑色。 以藍菌作為光生物素的牛皮葉屬物種可以固定大氣中的氮，並且由於其相對豐富和高周轉率，它們對雨林生態系統做出了顯著的貢獻。
牛皮葉屬
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| Sticta carolinensis | |
科學分類 
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| 界： | 真菌界 Fungi |
| 門： | 子囊菌門 Ascomycota |
| 綱： | 茶漬綱 Lecanoromycetes |
| 目： | 地卷菌目 Peltigerales |
| 科： | 肺衣科 Lobariaceae |
| 屬： | 牛皮葉屬 Sticta (E |
| 模式種 | |
| Sticta sylvatica (Huds.) Ach., 1803
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| 種 | |
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見正文 | |
| 異名 | |
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物種
本屬包括以下物種：[2]
- Sticta acyphellata Moncada & Lücking (2020)[3] – 夏威夷
- Sticta afromontana Kaasalainen & Rikkinen 2023
- Sticta alpinotropica Aptroot (2008)
- Sticta amboroensis Ossowska, Kukwa, B. Moncada & Lücking 2022
- Sticta antoniana Moncada & Lücking (2020)[3] – 夏威夷
- Sticta aongstroemii Dal Forno, Moncada & Lücking (2018)
- Sticta arachnofuliginosa Moncada & Lücking (2012)
- Sticta arbuscula Moncada & Lücking (2012)
- Sticta arbusculotomentosa Moncada & Betanc. (2015)
- Sticta arenosella Di Meglio & Goward 2023
- 大西洋牛皮葉 Sticta atlantica Magain & Sérus. (2015)[4] – 歐洲
- Sticta atroandensis Moncada & Lücking (2013)
- Sticta baileyi D.J.Galloway (1998)[5] – 澳大利亞
- Sticta bicellulata Ossowska, Kukwa, B. Moncada & Lücking 2022
- Sticta borinquensis Merc.-Díaz & Lücking (2020)[6] – 波多黎各
- Sticta brevior Moncada & Lücking (2013)
- Sticta brevipes (Müll.Arg.) Zahlbr. (1925)
- Sticta caliginosa D.J.Galloway (1983)
- Sticta camarae Müll.Arg. (1882)
- Sticta canariensis (Bory) Bory ex Delise (1822)
- Sticta caperata (Nyl.) Nyl. (1863)
- Sticta carolinensis T.McDonald (2003)
- Sticta ciliata Taylor (1836) – Neotropics; Africa; Macaronesia; 西歐
- Sticta corymbosa Merc.-Díaz & Lücking (2020)[6] – 波多黎各
- 杯點牛皮葉 Sticta cyphellulata (Müll.Arg.) Hue (1901)
- Sticta dendroides (Nyl.) Moncada, Lücking & de Lange (2018)
- Sticta densiphyllidiata Merc.-Díaz & Lücking (2020)[6] – 波多黎各
- Sticta deyana Lendemer & Goffinet (2015)
- Sticta diversa (Stirt.) Zahlbr. (1925)
- 雙緣牛皮葉 Sticta duplolimbata (Hue) Vain. (1913)
- Sticta emmanueliana Moncada, Lücking & Lumbsch (2020)[3] – 夏威夷
- 蕨狀牛皮葉 Sticta filix (Sw.) Nyl. (1867)
- 扇形牛皮葉 Sticta flabelliformis
- Sticta flavireagens (Gyeln.) Diederich & Ertz (2020)
- Sticta flavocyphellata D.J.Galloway (1998)[5] – 澳大利亞
- Sticta flynnii Moncada & Lücking (2020)[3] – 夏威夷
- 台灣牛皮葉 Sticta formosana
- Sticta fragilinata T.McDonald (2003)
Sticta fragilinata in the Great Smoky Mountains, North Carolina - Sticta fuliginoides Magain & Sérus. (2015)[4] – Continental Europe; Canary Islands; eastern North America; Colombia
- 黑牛皮葉 Sticta fuliginosa (Dicks.) Ach. (1803) – widespread
- Sticta fuscotomentosa Moncada, Coca & Lücking (2015)
- Sticta gallowayana Moncada & Lucking (2015)
- Sticta globulifuliginosa Moncada, A.Suárez & Lücking (2015)
- 柄扇牛皮葉 Sticta gracilis
- Sticta guilartensis Merc.-Díaz & Lücking (2020)[6] – 波多黎各
- Sticta harrisii Merc.-Díaz & Lücking (2020)[6] – 波多黎各
- Sticta hawaiiensis Moncada & Lücking (2020)[3] – 夏威夷
- 亨利牛皮葉 Sticta henryana
- Sticta hirsutifuliginosa Moncada, A.Suárez & Lücking (2015)
- Sticta howei D.J.Galloway (1998)[5] – 澳大利亞
- Sticta humboldtii Hook. (1822)
- Sticta hypopsiloides Nyl. (1861)
- Sticta indica D.D.Awasthi & Upreti (2010)
- Sticta isidiokunthii Moncada & Lücking (2012)
- Sticta jaguirreana Moncada, A.Suárez & Lücking (2015)
- Sticta laciniosa D.J.Galloway (1994)
- Sticta latifrons A.Rich. (1832)
- Sticta leucoblephara (Müll.Arg.) D.J.Galloway (2004)
- 粉緣牛皮葉 Sticta limbata (Sm.) Ach. (1803)
- Sticta lobarioides Moncada & Coca (2013)
- Sticta lumbschiana Moncada & Lücking (2013)
- Sticta macrocyphellata Moncada & Coca (2013)
- Sticta macrofuliginosa Moncada & Lücking (2015)
- Sticta macrothallina Moncada & Coca (2013)
- Sticta maculofuliginosa Moncada & Lücking (2012)
- Sticta marginifera Mont. (1842)
- Sticta martinii D.J.Galloway (1983)
- 墨西哥牛皮葉 Sticta mexicana D.J.Galloway (2004)
- Sticta microcyphellata Moncada & Lücking (2012)
- Sticta minutula Moncada, A.Suárez & Lücking (2015)
- 假黃牛皮葉 Sticta mougeotiana
- Sticta myrioloba (Müll.Arg.) D.J.Galloway (1998)[5] – 澳大利亞
- Sticta nashii D.J.Galloway (2004)
- 南洋牛皮葉 Sticta neocaledonica
- Sticta neopulmonarioides Moncada & Coca (2013)
- 平滑牛皮葉 Sticta nylanderiana
- Sticta papillata Moncada & Lücking (2012)
- Sticta parahumboldtii Moncada & Lücking (2013)
- Sticta parvilobata Merc.-Díaz & Lücking (2020)[6] – 波多黎各
- Sticta pedunculata Kremp. (1874)
- Sticta phyllidiifuliginosa Moncada, A.Suárez & Lücking (2015)
- Sticta phyllidiokunthii Moncada & Lücking (2013)
- 寬葉牛皮葉 Sticta platyphylloides
- Sticta plumbeociliata Moncada, A.Suárez & Lücking (2015)
- Sticta pseudohumboldtii Moncada & Lücking (2013)
- Sticta pseudolobaria Moncada & Coca (2013)
- Sticta pulmonarioides Moncada & Coca (2013)
- 墊狀牛皮葉 Sticta pulvinata
- Sticta riparia Merc.-Díaz & Lücking (2020)[6] – 波多黎各
- Sticta rhizinata Moncada & Lücking (2012)
- Sticta rubropruinosa Moncada & Lücking (2012)
- Sticta rutilans (Stirt.) Zahlbr. (1925)
- Sticta sayeri Müll.Arg. (1888)
- Sticta silverstonei Moncada & Lücking (2012)
- 深波牛皮葉 Sticta sinuosa Pers. (1827)
- Sticta smithii Moncada & Lücking (2020)[3] – 夏威夷
- Sticta stipitata C.Knight (1891)
- Sticta subfilicinella Moncada, Coca & Lücking (2015)
- Sticta sublimbata (J.Steiner) Swinscow & Krog (1983)
- 鑲邊牛皮葉 Sticta submarginifera
- Sticta subtomentella (C.Knight ex Shirley) Zahlbr. (1925)
- Sticta swartzii D.J.Galloway (1994)
- Sticta sylvatica (Huds.) Ach. (1803) – continental Europe; Andes (Colombia)
- Sticta tainorum Merc.-Díaz & Lücking (2020)[6] – 波多黎各
- Sticta tatamana Moncada & Coca (2013)
- Sticta tesselata Øvstedal (2010)
- Sticta torii Ant. Simon & Goward (2018)
- Sticta tunjensis Moncada & Lücking (2012)
- Sticta variabilis Ach. (1810)
- Sticta venosa Lücking, Moncada & Robayo (2011)
- Sticta viviana Alej. Suárez & Lücking (2013)
- Sticta waikamoi Moncada & Lücking (2020)[3] – 夏威夷
- 緣裂牛皮葉 Sticta weigelii
- Sticta xanthotropa (Kremp.) D.J.Galloway (2004)
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參考文獻
- ^ Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA. Dictionary of the Fungi.
10th. Wallingford: CABI. 2008: 666. ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8.
- ^ Sticta (Schreb.) Ach., 1803. GBIF. [2023-01-11]. （原始內容存檔於2022-01-16）.
- ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 Moncada, Bibiana; Luecking, Robert Karl; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten. Rewriting the evolutionary history of the lichen genus Sticta (Ascomycota: Peltigeraceae subfam. Lobarioideae) in the Hawaiian islands. Plant and Fungal Systematics. 2020, 65 (1): 95–119. doi:10.35535/pfsyst-2020-0005
.
- ^ 4.0 4.1 Magain, Nicolas; Sérusiaux, Emmanuël. Dismantling the treasured flagship lichen Sticta fuliginosa (Peltigerales) into four species in Western Europe. Mycological Progress. 2015, 14 (10). doi:10.1007/s11557-015-1109-0.
- ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Galloway, D. J. Studies on the lichen genus Sticta (Schreber) Ach.: V*. Australian species. Bryophyte Diversity and Evolution. 1998, 15 (1): 117–160. doi:10.11646/bde.15.1.12.
- ^ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 Mercado‐Díaz, Joel A.; Lücking, Robert; Moncada, Bibiana; Widhelm, Todd J.; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten. Elucidating species richness in lichen fungi: The genus Sticta (Ascomycota: Peltigeraceae) in Puerto Rico. Taxon. 2020, 69 (5): 851–891. doi:10.1002/tax.12320.
引用文獻
- Gilbert OL. Lichens. London: HarperCollins. 2000. ISBN 0-00-220082-1.