伽藍菜屬

伽藍菜屬
	長壽花 Kalanchoe blossfeldiana
科學分類
界：	植物界 Plantae
演化支：	維管束植物 Tracheophyta
演化支：	被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支：	真雙子葉植物 Eudicots
目：	虎耳草目 Saxifragales
科：	景天科 Crassulaceae
屬：	伽藍菜屬 Kalanchoe; Adans.（英語：Michel Adanson）, 1763
部分種
	見正文
異名
	Bryophyllum Salisb. ; Crassuvia Comm. ex Lam. ; Geaya Costantin & Poiss. ; Kitchingia Baker ; Meristostylus Klotzsch ; Physocalycium Vest ; Vereia Andrews ;

伽藍菜屬（學名：Kalanchoe），又名燈籠草屬，是景天科下的一個屬，為肉質植物。該屬共有約200種，大部分原產於非洲，少數產自亞洲熱帶地區。^[1]肉質的草本、亞灌木或藤本植物。葉子輪生或交互對生，光滑或有毛，很多種的葉尖有不定芽，能發育成小植株。頂生圓錐錐花序或聚傘花序，花瓣萼片均為4枚。

分佈

本屬有200種，1種分佈美洲，56種來自非洲東部和南部，60種來自馬達加斯加，其餘分佈在亞洲。

分類

本屬大致分為以下幾個亞屬：^[2]^[3]

伽藍菜亞屬Kalanchoe subg. Kalanchoe（包括伽藍菜K. ceratophylla、長壽花K. blossfeldiana、唐印K. luciae等）
伽藍木亞屬Kalanchoe subg. Calophygia（包括伽藍木K. arborescens、褐斑伽藍K. tomentosa、趣蝶蓮K. synsepala等）
落地生根亞屬Kalanchoe subg. Bryophyllum（包括落地生根K. pinnata、玉吊鐘K. fedtschenkoi、極樂鳥藤K. scandens等）
釣宮燈亞屬Kalanchoe subg. Kitchingia（包括釣宮燈K. gracilipes等）：分子生物學研究表明柔毛釣宮燈組K. sect. Pubescentes（包括柔毛釣宮燈K. pubescens、全緣釣宮燈K. manginii等）以及銀葉伽藍菜K. pumila、折瓣伽藍菜K. streptantha與此亞屬共同構成一個單系群。
宮燈長壽亞屬Kalanchoe subg. Alatae（包括宮燈長壽花K. porphyrocalyx、臥莖宮燈長壽K. uniflora）：有時併入釣宮燈亞屬。

以下是本屬部分物種：^[4]

Kalanchoe adelae
Kalanchoe apiifolia D.-P. Klein, Shtein & Callm.^[5]
伽藍木 Kalanchoe arborescens
闊葉極樂鳥 Kalanchoe beauverdii
仙人扇 Kalanchoe beharensis – 仙女之舞、玫葉兔耳
Kalanchoe bentii
長壽花 Kalanchoe blossfeldiana
Kalanchoe bouvetii
紅花銀伽藍 Kalanchoe bracteata – 銀景天、銀茶匙、銀之太鼓
巴西伽藍菜 Kalanchoe brasiliensis Larrañaga, 1922
伽藍菜 Kalanchoe ceratophylla Haw., 1821 – 小燈籠草
圓齒伽藍菜 Kalanchoe crenata Britten, 1871
Kalanchoe crundallii I.Verd., 1946
斑背落地生根 Kalanchoe daigremontiana Raym.-Hamet & H.Perrier, 1914 – 綴卞慶、大葉虎紋落地生根、大葉落地生根
Kalanchoe darainensis D.-P. Klein & Callm.^[6]
棒葉落地生根 Kalanchoe delagoensis Eckl. & Zeyh., 1837 – 洋吊鐘
Kalanchoe dineshii Syam Radh & Nampy, 2022^[7]
變葉伽藍木 Kalanchoe dinklagei – 麋鹿之舞
白兔耳 Kalanchoe eriophylla – 福兔耳
Kalanchoe fadeniorum
粉葉圓貝草 Kalanchoe farinacea – 圓貝草、圓貝葉
玉吊鐘 Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi – 蝴蝶之舞
Kalanchoe figureidoi – 媚惑彩虹
Kalanchoe flammea
掌上珠 Kalanchoe gastonis-bonnieri
Kalanchoe glaucescens
台南伽藍菜 Kalanchoe garambiensis – 鵝鑾鼻燈籠草
釣宮燈 Kalanchoe gracilipes
Kalanchoe grandidieri
大花伽藍菜 Kalanchoe grandiflora
銀伽藍木 Kalanchoe hildebrantii 銀茶匙
濕潤落地生根 Kalanchoe humifica – 黑死蝶
Kalanchoe humilis – 紫式部、虎紋伽藍菜
Kalanchoe hypseloleuce Friis & M. G. Gilbert^[8]
匙葉伽藍菜 Kalanchoe integra – 匙葉燈籠草
佛甲伽藍菜 Kalanchoe jongmansii
Kalanchoe kewensis
條裂伽藍菜 Kalanchoe laciniata
綠葉落地生根 Kalanchoe laetivirens – 蕾絲姑娘、大葉落地生根、寬葉落地生根
磚色伽藍菜 Kalanchoe lateritia – 圓葉地氈
圓齒玉吊鐘 Kalanchoe laxiflora - 翩蝶之舞、錦繡牡丹、疏花落地生根
Kalanchoe linearifolia
長花伽藍菜 Kalanchoe longiflora – 魔海
唐印 Kalanchoe luciae
大萼落地生根 Kalanchoe macrochlamys
全緣釣宮燈 Kalanchoe manginii
大理石草 Kalanchoe marmorata – 江戶紫
圓葉玉吊鐘 Kalanchoe marnieriana – 白姬之舞、貝殼
彩萼落地生根 Kalanchoe maromokotrensis – 花燈籠
Kalanchoe millotii – 千兔耳
朱紅釣宮燈 Kalanchoe miniata
耳葉掌上珠 Kalanchoe mortagei
盾葉伽藍菜 Kalanchoe nyikae – 日蓮之盃
鈍圓伽藍菜 Kalanchoe obtusa
金伽藍木 Kalanchoe orgyalis – 金景天、銅茶匙、金卵
盾葉釣宮燈 Kalanchoe peltata
盾葉玉吊鐘 Kalanchoe peltigera
Kalanchoe peteri
Kalanchoe petitiana
落地生根 Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers.^[9]
宮燈長壽花 Kalanchoe porphyrocalyx
Kalanchoe prasina
珠芽落地生根 Kalanchoe prolifera – 五節之舞
Kalanchoe producta
柔毛釣宮燈 Kalanchoe pubescens
銀葉伽藍菜 Kalanchoe pumila – 白銀之舞
Kalanchoe quartiniana
雀扇 Kalanchoe rhombopilosa
- Kalanchoe rhombipilosa var. viridis – 綠雀扇
- Kalanchoe rhombopilosa var. argentea – 碧靈芝
Kalanchoe robusta
Kalanchoe rolandi-bonapartei
戟葉玉吊鐘 Kalanchoe rosei
綠葉圓貝草 Kalanchoe rotundifolia – 小圓貝、花葉圓貝草
極樂鳥藤 Kalanchoe scandens – 極樂鳥
花莛圓貝草 Kalanchoe scapigera
伽藍藤 Kalanchoe schizophylla
鋸齒玉吊鐘 Kalanchoe serrata
朱蓮 Kalanchoe sexangularis
折瓣伽藍菜 Kalanchoe streptantha
綠葉掌上珠 Kalanchoe suarezensis
趣蝶蓮 Kalanchoe synsepala – 雙飛蝴蝶
台東伽藍菜 Kalanchoe tashiroi
四葉伽藍 Kalanchoe tetraphylla
Kalanchoe thyrsiflora
褐斑伽藍 Kalanchoe tomentosa – 月兔耳
臥莖宮燈長壽 Kalanchoe uniflora
Kalanchoe viguieri – 新加坡兔
變葉玉吊鐘 Kalanchoe variifolia 漸狹玉吊鐘
Kalanchoe waldheimii

雜交種：

Kalanchoe ×cantabrigiensis Guillaumin
Kalanchoe ×descoingsii Shtein, Gideon F.Sm. & J.Ikeda
Kalanchoe ×edwardii Gideon F.Sm. & Shtein
Kalanchoe ×estrelae Gideon F.Sm.
Kalanchoe ×felthamensis
Kalanchoe ×flaurantia Desc.
Kalanchoe ×forbesiae Gideon F.Sm. & Hankey
Kalanchoe ×gildenhuysii Gideon F.Sm. & Figueiredo
Kalanchoe ×gunniae Gideon F.Sm. & Figueiredo
Kalanchoe ×hankeyi Gideon F.Sm.
箭葉落地生根 Kalanchoe ×houghtonii D.B.Ward – 不死鳥
Kalanchoe ×hummeliae Gideon F.Sm.
Kalanchoe ×kewensis W.Watson
Kalanchoe ×leistneri Gideon F.Sm.
Kalanchoe ×lokarana Desc.
條葉落地生根 Kalanchoe ×richaudii Desc.
矮長壽花 Kalanchoe ×trageri Gideon F.Sm.

栽培品種：

釣魚竿宮燈 Kalanchoe cv. Tessa
錦蝶落地生根 Kalanchoe cv. Pink butterflies

參考文獻

^ 中国种子植物科属词典. 中國數字植物標本館. [2012-04-10]. （原始內容存檔於2012-04-11）.
^ Smith, Gideon F. The 'woody clade' in Kalanchoe: reinstatement and amendment of K. subg. Calophygia (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) published by Bernard Marie Descoings in 2006. Phytotaxa. 2023-09-26, 616 (2): 113–127. ISSN 1179-3163. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.616.2.1.
^ Rodewald, Seraina E.; Klein, David-Paul; Shtein, Ronen; Smith, Gideon F.; Joyce, Elizabeth; Briones, Diego F. Morales; Bernhard, Sven; Letsara, Rokiman; Mertes, Hannah. A new phylogenetic framework for the genus Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae) and implications for infrageneric classification. bioRxiv. 2024-10-19 [2024-12-02]. doi:10.1101/2024.10.17.618389.
^ Kalanchoe Adans.. GBIF. [2023-05-29]. （原始內容存檔於2023-01-27）.
^ David-Paul Klein, Ronen Shtein, Thomas Janssen and Martin W. Callmander. 2022. Novelties from the Northern Mountains Complex of Madagascar VI: Kalanchoe apiifolia (Crassulaceae), A particular New Species. Candollea. 77(2); 193-198. DOI: 10.15553/c2022v772a6
^ David-Paul Klein, Ronen Shtein, Louis Nusbaumer and Martin W. Callmander. 2021. Kalanchoe darainensis (Crassulaceae), A New Species from northeastern Madagascar. Candollea. 76(1); 117-123. DOI: 10.15553/c2021v761a12
^ Syam Radh Sasi and Santhosh Nampy. 2022. Kalanchoe dineshii (Crassulaceae), A New Species from southern Western Ghats, India. Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid. 79(2); e127. DOI: doi.org/10.3989/ajbm.2591
^ Ib Friis, Michael G. Gilbert, Paulo van Breugel, Odile Weber and Sebsebe Demissew. 2017. Kalanchoe hypseloleuce (Crassulaceae), A New Species from eastern Ethiopia, with Notes on its Habitat. Kew Bulletin. 72:30. DOI: 10.1007/s12225-017-9704-7
^ POTWO 2019.

[1] 中国种子植物科属词典. 中國數字植物標本館. [2012-04-10]. （原始內容存檔於2012-04-11）.

[2] Smith, Gideon F. The 'woody clade' in Kalanchoe: reinstatement and amendment of K. subg. Calophygia (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) published by Bernard Marie Descoings in 2006. Phytotaxa. 2023-09-26, 616 (2): 113–127. ISSN 1179-3163. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.616.2.1.

[3] Rodewald, Seraina E.; Klein, David-Paul; Shtein, Ronen; Smith, Gideon F.; Joyce, Elizabeth; Briones, Diego F. Morales; Bernhard, Sven; Letsara, Rokiman; Mertes, Hannah. A new phylogenetic framework for the genus Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae) and implications for infrageneric classification. bioRxiv. 2024-10-19 [2024-12-02]. doi:10.1101/2024.10.17.618389.

[4] Kalanchoe Adans.. GBIF. [2023-05-29]. （原始內容存檔於2023-01-27）.

[5] David-Paul Klein, Ronen Shtein, Thomas Janssen and Martin W. Callmander. 2022. Novelties from the Northern Mountains Complex of Madagascar VI: Kalanchoe apiifolia (Crassulaceae), A particular New Species. Candollea. 77(2); 193-198. DOI: 10.15553/c2022v772a6

[6] David-Paul Klein, Ronen Shtein, Louis Nusbaumer and Martin W. Callmander. 2021. Kalanchoe darainensis (Crassulaceae), A New Species from northeastern Madagascar. Candollea. 76(1); 117-123. DOI: 10.15553/c2021v761a12

[7] Syam Radh Sasi and Santhosh Nampy. 2022. Kalanchoe dineshii (Crassulaceae), A New Species from southern Western Ghats, India. Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid. 79(2); e127. DOI: doi.org/10.3989/ajbm.2591

[8] Ib Friis, Michael G. Gilbert, Paulo van Breugel, Odile Weber and Sebsebe Demissew. 2017. Kalanchoe hypseloleuce (Crassulaceae), A New Species from eastern Ethiopia, with Notes on its Habitat. Kew Bulletin. 72:30. DOI: 10.1007/s12225-017-9704-7

[FOOTNOTEPOTWO2019-9] POTWO 2019.

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