埃爾·格雷考

埃爾·格雷考(西班牙語:El Greco,1541年—1614年4月7日),西班牙文藝復興時期畫家雕塑家建築家。「埃爾·格雷考」在西班牙文中意為「希臘人」,是依格雷考的希臘血統而取的別名;格雷考在畫作上通常署名以希臘文本名多米尼克·提托克波洛斯(希臘語:Δομήνικος Θεοτοκόπουλος,西班牙語:Doménikos Theotokópoulos)。

埃爾·格雷考
《一名老人的肖像》(推測為埃爾·格雷考之自畫像),約1595年–1600年,油彩 / 帆布,52.7 × 46.7 cm,美國紐約大都會藝術博物館
出生多米尼克·提托克波洛斯
Doménikos Theotokópoulos

1541年
威尼斯共和國克里特
逝世1614年4月7日(72–73歲)
西班牙托雷多
國籍西班牙 / 希臘
知名於繪畫雕塑建築
知名作品脫掉基督的外衣》 (1577–1579)
聖母昇天》 (1577–1579)
歐貴茲伯爵的葬禮》 (1586–1588)
托利多風景》 (1596–1600)
聖馬丁與乞丐》(1597-1599)
揭開第五印》 (1608–1614)
運動矯飾主義

格雷考出生於後拜占庭藝術時期克里特,當時為威尼斯共和國所治理。他原受傳統繪畫教育,直到26歲時,和許多希臘藝術家一樣,動身前往威尼斯旅行後畫風丕變[1]。1570年,格雷考遷居至羅馬,在當地經營一間工作坊、創作了一系列的作品。在此期間,格雷考受到威尼斯文藝復興的薰染,在畫風中融入了矯飾主義。1577年,他轉往西班牙托雷多發展,直到逝世。在托雷多,格雷考接受了些許重要的委託,並創作出他最著名的畫作。

格雷考兼具戲劇性與表現主義的畫風在當代並不受寵,但在20世紀獲肯。格雷考被公認是表現主義立體主義先驅。格雷考被現代學者視為一極與眾不同、具高度個人色彩的藝術家,不屬任何傳統流派[2]。他的畫作以彎曲瘦長的身形為特色,用色怪誕而變幻無常,融合了拜占庭傳統與西方繪畫風格[3]

著名作品

引用

  1. ^ J. Brown, El Greco of Toledo, 75-77
  2. ^ Greco, El. 大英百科全書. 2002. 
  3. ^ M. Lambraki-Plaka, El Greco—The Greek, 60

參考文獻

出版資料 (書與文章)

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  • Kandinsky Wassily, Marc Franz. L'Almanach du "Blaue Reiter". Klincksieck. 1987. ISBN 2-252-02567-0. 
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  • Lambraki-Plaka, Marina. El Greco, the Puzzle. Doménicos Theotocópoulos today. To Vima. 19 April 1987. 
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  • Pallucchini, Rodolfo. Some Early Works by El Greco. Burlington Magazine (伯林頓雜誌出版有限公司). May 1948, 90 (542): 130–135, 137. 
  • Panayotakis, Nikolaos M. "The Cretan Period of the Life of Doménicos Theotocópoulos. Festschrift In Honor Of Nikos Svoronos, Volume B. 克里特大學出版. 1986. 
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線上資料

延伸閱讀

  • Aznar, José Camón. Dominico Greco. Madrid. 1950. 
  • Davies, David (Editor), Elliott, John H. (Editor), Bray, Xavier (Contributor), Christiansen, Keith (Contributor), Finaldi, Gabriele (Contributor). El Greco (catalogue). National Gallery London. 2006. ISBN 1-85709-938-9. 
  • Marias, Fernando. El Greco in Toledo. Scala Publishers. 2005. ISBN 1-85759-210-7. 
  • Pallucchini, Rodolfo. II Polittico del Greco della R. Gallena Estense e la Formazione dell'Artista (in Italian). Gazzetta dell' Emilia. March 7, 1937, 13: 171–178. 
  • Prevelakis, Pandelis. Theotocópoulos—Biography (in Greek). Aetos. 1942. 
  • Rice, Talbot. El Greco and Byzantium. The New York Review of Books (The Burlington Magazine Publications, Ltd.). January 1937, 70 (406): 34+38–39. 

外部連結