維也納之圍
1529年的維也納之圍（Siege of Vienna）與1683年的維也納之戰不同，是蘇丹蘇萊曼一世所率領的奧托曼帝國穆斯林，第一次嘗試奪取維也納，但是失敗告終。這一戰是奧托曼帝國第一次侵略中歐，此戰之後的150年神聖羅馬帝國和奧托曼帝國互相爭奪中歐，直至維也納之戰為止。
| 維也納之圍 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 奧托曼歐洲戰爭及奧托曼-哈布斯堡戰爭的一部分 | |||||||
 1529年維也納之圍 | |||||||
| |||||||
| 參戰方 | |||||||
.svg){kind=small} 神聖羅馬帝國一些波希米亞和西班牙僱傭兵 |
 奧托曼帝國 摩爾達維亞塞爾維亞人 | ||||||
| 指揮官與領導者 | |||||||
|
薩爾姆的尼古拉 威廉·馮·洛加多夫 |
蘇萊曼一世 大維齊爾帕爾加勒·易卜拉欣帕夏 | ||||||
| 兵力 | |||||||
| 大約17,000 人[1] | 大約120,000人[2] | ||||||
| 傷亡與損失 | |||||||
| 不詳，但大量農民被殺[3] | 不詳，但多於奧軍[4] | ||||||
一些歷史學家認為蘇萊曼一世這次進攻中歐的主要目的是要重新確立奧托曼帝國在匈牙利的統治，而這次進攻維也納只是一個偶然的機會。
參見
參考及註釋
- ^ Turnbull says the garrison was "over 16,000 strong". The Ottoman Empire, p 50; Keegan and Wheatcroft suggest 17,000. Who's Who in Military History, p 283; Some estimates are just above 20,000, for example: "Together with Wilhelm von Roggendorf, the Marshal of Austria, Salm conducted the defense of Vienna with 16,000 regulars and 5,000 militia." Dupuy, Trevor, et al, The Encyclopedia of Military Biography, p 653.
- ^ Turnbull suggests Suleiman had "perhaps 120,000" troops when he reached Osijek on 6 August. The Ottoman Empire, p 50; Christopher Duffy suggests "Suleiman led an army of 125,000 Turks". Siege Warfare: Fortresses in the Early Modern World 1494-1660, p 201. For higher estimates, see further note on Suleiman's troops.
- ^ Turnbull, Stephen. The Ottoman Empire 1326 - 1699. New York: Osprey, 2003.pg 51
- ^ Turnbull, Stephen. The Ottoman Empire 1326 - 1699. New York: Osprey, 2003. pg 51
參考書目
- Chirot, Daniel, The Origins of Backwardness in Eastern Europe, 1980, ISBN 0-52-200762-0
- Duffy, Christopher, Siege Warfare: Fortresses in the Early Modern World 1494-1660, Routledge, 1996, 0-14-514649-6
- Dupuy, Trevor.N., Curt Johnson, and David.L.Bongard, The Encyclopedia of Military Biography, I.B.Tauris & Co. Ltd., 1992, ISBN 1-85043-569-3
- Fisher, Sydney Nettleton, The Middle East: A History, Knopf, 1979 3rd ed, ISBN 0-394-32098-0
- Kann, Robert Adolf, A History of the Habsburg Empire: 1526-1918, University of California Press, 1980, ISBN 0-520-04206-9
- Keegan, John, and Andrew Wheatcroft, Who's Who in Military History: From 1453 to the Present Day, Routledge (UK), 1996, ISBN 0-415-12722-X
- Louthan, Howard, The Quest for Compromise: Peacemakers in Counter-Reformation Vienna, 1997, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-58082-X
- Lyber, Albert Howe, The Government of the Ottoman Empire in the Time of Suleiman the Magnificent, Harvard University Press, 1913
- Murphey, Rhoads, Ottoman Warfare 1500-1700, Rutgers University Press, 1999, ISBN 0-8135-2685-X
- Riley-Smith, Jonathan, The Oxford History of the Crusades, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-280312-3
- Shaw, Stanford Jay, and Ezel Kural Shaw, History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey, Cambridge University Press, 1977, ISBN 0-521-29163-1
- Sicker, Martin, The Islamic World in Decline: from the Treaty of Karlowitz to the Disintegration of the Ottoman Empire, Praeger/Greenwood, 2000, ISBN 0-275-96891-X
- Spielman, John Philip, The City and the Crown: Vienna and the Imperial Court, Purdue University Press, 1993, ISBN 1-55753-021-1
- Toynbee, Arnold, A Study of History, Oxford University Press, 1987 edition, ISBN 0-19-505080-0
- Turnbull, Stephen, The Ottoman Empire: 1326-1699, Osprey Publishing, 2003, ISBN 1-84176-569-4
- Tracy, James. D., Europe's Reformations: 1450-1650, Rowman and Littlefield, 2006, ISBN 0-7425-3789-7
- Walton, Mark.W., George.F.Nafziger, and Laurent.W.Mbanda, Islam at War: A History, Praeger/Greenwood, 2003, ISBN 0-275-98101-0