Saos-2

Saos-2是一种人类骨肉瘤细胞系，通常在骨癌研究中用作研究新疗法的模型，最初是在1973年分离自一名11岁白人女性原发性骨肉瘤中患者^[1]，而该患者已接受氨甲蝶呤、阿霉素及长春新碱等的治疗。

1987年，科研人员发现细胞对副甲状腺激素显示敏感的腺苷酸环化酶反应，随细胞密度增加而增加，并且通过地塞米松（一种人工合成的皮质类固醇）治疗进一步提高。随后确定Saos-2细胞具有数个成骨细胞的特征，故而可以作为人类成骨细胞样细胞的永生细胞系及骨相关分子的来源^[2]。Saos-2细胞的模态染色体数为56，超过三分之二的染色体组由重排的染色体组成，大多数的标记染色体具有复杂的重排结构，并且无法识别组成这些标记染色体（英语：Marker chromosome）的片段来源。

科研用途

在科学研究中，使用Saos-2细胞的优点包括具有记录良好的表征数据，并且可以在短时间内获得大量细胞，以及Saos-2细胞可以像成骨细胞般完全分化^[3]。有研究描述Saos-2细胞的细胞外基质具有矿化能力^[4]，使其成为研究与人类成骨细胞分化晚期有关事件的模型^[5]。它培养于成骨诱导培养液时会进行成骨分化及矿化，表现为Col I、OCN、碱性磷酸酶活性等成骨指标水平增高及形成矿化基质^[6]。Saos-2细胞在诱导培养7天后，TG2的表达和TG活性都显著增加，而且Saos-2细胞的成骨分化过程会被TG活性抑制剂所阻滞^[7]。

参考资料

^ Fogh, J; Fogh, JM; Orfeo, T. One hundred and twenty-seven cultured human tumor cell lines producing tumors in nude mice.. Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 1977-07, 59 (1): 221–6 [2020-01-12]. PMID 327080. doi:10.1093/jnci/59.1.221. （原始内容存档于2020-01-12）.
^ Rodan, SB; Imai, Y; Thiede, MA; Wesolowski, G; Thompson, D; Bar-Shavit, Z; Shull, S; Mann, K; Rodan, GA. Characterization of a human osteosarcoma cell line (Saos-2) with osteoblastic properties.. Cancer research. 1987-09-15, 47 (18): 4961–6 [2020-01-12]. PMID 3040234. （原始内容存档于2020-01-12）.
^ Hausser, HJ; Brenner, RE. Phenotypic instability of Saos-2 cells in long-term culture.. Biochemical and biophysical research communications. 2005-07-22, 333 (1): 216–22 [2020-01-12]. PMID 15939397. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.05.097. （原始内容存档于2020-01-12）.
^ McQuillan, DJ; Richardson, MD; Bateman, JF. Matrix deposition by a calcifying human osteogenic sarcoma cell line (SAOS-2).. Bone. 1995-04, 16 (4): 415–26 [2020-01-12]. PMID 7605701. doi:10.1016/8756-3282(95)90186-8. （原始内容存档于2020-01-12）.
^ Gundle, R.; Beresford, J. N. The Isolation and Culture of Cells from Explants of Human Trabecular Bone. Calcified Tissue International. 2015-03-14, 56 (S1): S8–S10. doi:10.1007/BF03354640.
^ Prideaux, M; Wijenayaka, AR; Kumarasinghe, DD; Ormsby, RT; Evdokiou, A; Findlay, DM; Atkins, GJ. SaOS2 Osteosarcoma cells as an in vitro model for studying the transition of human osteoblasts to osteocytes.. Calcified tissue international. 2014-08, 95 (2): 183–93 [2020-01-12]. PMID 24916279. doi:10.1007/s00223-014-9879-y. （原始内容存档于2020-01-12）.
^ Yin, X; Chen, Z; Liu, Z; Song, C. Tissue transglutaminase (TG2) activity regulates osteoblast differentiation and mineralization in the SAOS-2 cell line.. Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas. 2012-08, 45 (8): 693–700 [2020-01-12]. PMID 22527131. doi:10.1590/s0100-879x2012007500060. （原始内容存档于2020-01-12）.

外部链接

Cellosaurus entry for Saos-2（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

[1] Fogh, J; Fogh, JM; Orfeo, T. One hundred and twenty-seven cultured human tumor cell lines producing tumors in nude mice.. Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 1977-07, 59 (1): 221–6 [2020-01-12]. PMID 327080. doi:10.1093/jnci/59.1.221. （原始内容存档于2020-01-12）.

[2] Rodan, SB; Imai, Y; Thiede, MA; Wesolowski, G; Thompson, D; Bar-Shavit, Z; Shull, S; Mann, K; Rodan, GA. Characterization of a human osteosarcoma cell line (Saos-2) with osteoblastic properties.. Cancer research. 1987-09-15, 47 (18): 4961–6 [2020-01-12]. PMID 3040234. （原始内容存档于2020-01-12）.

[3] Hausser, HJ; Brenner, RE. Phenotypic instability of Saos-2 cells in long-term culture.. Biochemical and biophysical research communications. 2005-07-22, 333 (1): 216–22 [2020-01-12]. PMID 15939397. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.05.097. （原始内容存档于2020-01-12）.

[4] McQuillan, DJ; Richardson, MD; Bateman, JF. Matrix deposition by a calcifying human osteogenic sarcoma cell line (SAOS-2).. Bone. 1995-04, 16 (4): 415–26 [2020-01-12]. PMID 7605701. doi:10.1016/8756-3282(95)90186-8. （原始内容存档于2020-01-12）.

[5] Gundle, R.; Beresford, J. N. The Isolation and Culture of Cells from Explants of Human Trabecular Bone. Calcified Tissue International. 2015-03-14, 56 (S1): S8–S10. doi:10.1007/BF03354640.

[6] Prideaux, M; Wijenayaka, AR; Kumarasinghe, DD; Ormsby, RT; Evdokiou, A; Findlay, DM; Atkins, GJ. SaOS2 Osteosarcoma cells as an in vitro model for studying the transition of human osteoblasts to osteocytes.. Calcified tissue international. 2014-08, 95 (2): 183–93 [2020-01-12]. PMID 24916279. doi:10.1007/s00223-014-9879-y. （原始内容存档于2020-01-12）.

[7] Yin, X; Chen, Z; Liu, Z; Song, C. Tissue transglutaminase (TG2) activity regulates osteoblast differentiation and mineralization in the SAOS-2 cell line.. Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas. 2012-08, 45 (8): 693–700 [2020-01-12]. PMID 22527131. doi:10.1590/s0100-879x2012007500060. （原始内容存档于2020-01-12）.

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