奥菲欧
克劳迪奥·蒙台威尔第( Monteverdi)歌剧
《奥菲欧》(意大利语:L'Orfeo)是在1607年时,由意大利作曲家克劳迪奥·蒙台威尔第早期创作的歌剧作品,也是文艺复兴-巴洛克时期的音乐作品。《奥菲欧》是克劳迪奥·蒙台威尔第创作的第一部歌剧,最初是为了意大利曼托瓦年度狂欢节的宫廷表演而创作,在1607年2月24日于曼托瓦宫廷剧院首次演出。1609年,《奥菲欧》在威尼斯出版剧本,并在1914年重新以音乐会方式发表。整部歌剧分成五幕,在最前面还安排有序。
歌剧剧本是由小亚历山德罗·斯特里吉奥创作,其内容取材自奥维德的《变形记》和维吉尔的《农事诗》,改编希腊神话里面奥菲斯与欧律狄刻的故事。《奥菲欧》的故事内容便阐述奥菲斯前往黑帝斯的冥府,试图将已故的妻子欧律狄刻带回人间。克劳迪奥·蒙台威尔第的《奥菲欧》因而与克里斯托夫·维利巴尔德·格鲁克的《奥菲欧与尤丽狄茜》,共同被视为是以奥菲斯为主题的重要音乐作品之一。
《奥菲欧》是最早被归类为歌剧的音乐作品之一。虽然普遍认为雅各布·佩里的《达芙妮》是第一部歌剧作品,而佩里的《尤丽狄茜》是现存最古老的歌剧,但《奥菲欧》仍然是最早定期演出的歌剧,并且至今仍在世界各地的许多剧院定期演出。
参考文献
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