稀有种

稀有种是指一类非常罕见、稀缺或很少会见到的生物。政府等官方机构可能会指定稀有种。地球上约435,000种已知的植物中有36.5%是极度稀有种^[1]。

稀有种通常种群规模小，分布区狭窄，面临生境破碎化和气候变暖等环境变化时更容易灭绝，走向灭绝漩涡（extinction vortex）^[2]^[3]^[4]。群落中存在大量稀有种会显著提高群落的α多样性^[5]。

参见

参考文献

^ Enquist, Brian J.; Feng, Xiao; Boyle, Brad; Maitner, Brian; Newman, Erica A.; Jørgensen, Peter Møller; Roehrdanz, Patrick R.; Thiers, Barbara M.; Burger, Joseph R.; Corlett, Richard T.; Couvreur, Thomas L. P.; Dauby, Gilles; Donoghue, John C.; Foden, Wendy; Lovett, Jon C.; Marquet, Pablo A.; Merow, Cory; Midgley, Guy; Morueta-Holme, Naia; Neves, Danilo M.; Oliveira-Filho, Ary T.; Kraft, Nathan J. B.; Park, Daniel S.; Peet, Robert K.; Pillet, Michiel; Serra-Diaz, Josep M.; Sandel, Brody; Schildhauer, Mark; Šímová, Irena; Violle, Cyrille; Wieringa, Jan J.; Wiser, Susan K.; Hannah, Lee; Svenning, Jens-Christian; McGill, Brian J. The commonness of rarity: Global and future distribution of rarity across land plants. Science Advances. 2019-11, 5 (11): eaaz0414. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaz0414.
^ Chapman, Abbie S. A.; Tunnicliffe, Verena; Bates, Amanda E. Both rare and common species make unique contributions to functional diversity in an ecosystem unaffected by human activities. Diversity and Distributions. 2018-05, 24 (5): 568–578. doi:10.1111/ddi.12712.
^ Dai, Dong; Xing, Hua; Yang, Jiarong; Liu, Yajing; Cai, Huanman; Liu, Yu. Advances in mechanisms of rare species maintenance and plant-soil feedback in plant communities. Biodiversity Science. 2021-12-20, 29 (12): 1687. doi:10.17520/biods.2021141.
^ Caughley, Graeme. Directions in Conservation Biology. The Journal of Animal Ecology. 1994-04, 63 (2): 215. doi:10.2307/5542.
^ Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Y; Gross, N; Saiz, H; Maestre, FT; Ruiz, S; Dacal, M; Asensio, S; Ochoa, V; Gozalo, B; Cornelissen, JHC; Deschamps, L; García, C; Maire, V; Milla, R; Salinas, N; Wang, J; Singh, BK; García-Palacios, P. Functional rarity and evenness are key facets of biodiversity to boost multifunctionality.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2021-02-16, 118 (7). PMID 33568533. doi:10.1073/pnas.2019355118.

[1] Enquist, Brian J.; Feng, Xiao; Boyle, Brad; Maitner, Brian; Newman, Erica A.; Jørgensen, Peter Møller; Roehrdanz, Patrick R.; Thiers, Barbara M.; Burger, Joseph R.; Corlett, Richard T.; Couvreur, Thomas L. P.; Dauby, Gilles; Donoghue, John C.; Foden, Wendy; Lovett, Jon C.; Marquet, Pablo A.; Merow, Cory; Midgley, Guy; Morueta-Holme, Naia; Neves, Danilo M.; Oliveira-Filho, Ary T.; Kraft, Nathan J. B.; Park, Daniel S.; Peet, Robert K.; Pillet, Michiel; Serra-Diaz, Josep M.; Sandel, Brody; Schildhauer, Mark; Šímová, Irena; Violle, Cyrille; Wieringa, Jan J.; Wiser, Susan K.; Hannah, Lee; Svenning, Jens-Christian; McGill, Brian J. The commonness of rarity: Global and future distribution of rarity across land plants. Science Advances. 2019-11, 5 (11): eaaz0414. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaz0414.

[2] Chapman, Abbie S. A.; Tunnicliffe, Verena; Bates, Amanda E. Both rare and common species make unique contributions to functional diversity in an ecosystem unaffected by human activities. Diversity and Distributions. 2018-05, 24 (5): 568–578. doi:10.1111/ddi.12712.

[3] Dai, Dong; Xing, Hua; Yang, Jiarong; Liu, Yajing; Cai, Huanman; Liu, Yu. Advances in mechanisms of rare species maintenance and plant-soil feedback in plant communities. Biodiversity Science. 2021-12-20, 29 (12): 1687. doi:10.17520/biods.2021141.

[4] Caughley, Graeme. Directions in Conservation Biology. The Journal of Animal Ecology. 1994-04, 63 (2): 215. doi:10.2307/5542.

[5] Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Y; Gross, N; Saiz, H; Maestre, FT; Ruiz, S; Dacal, M; Asensio, S; Ochoa, V; Gozalo, B; Cornelissen, JHC; Deschamps, L; García, C; Maire, V; Milla, R; Salinas, N; Wang, J; Singh, BK; García-Palacios, P. Functional rarity and evenness are key facets of biodiversity to boost multifunctionality.. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2021-02-16, 118 (7). PMID 33568533. doi:10.1073/pnas.2019355118.

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