帆鋸鰩屬
帆鋸鰩屬(屬名:Onchopristis,意為「(牙齒)有倒鉤的鋸鰩」)是生存於白堊紀後期的大型淡水鰩[9],化石發現於北非、北美與紐西蘭。其外形與現生的鋸鰩科相近,吻部細長,牙齒著生於吻測,但兩者並非近親,且鋸鰩科的牙側光滑無凸起,而帆鋸鰩的牙齒在似釉質冠(enameloid cap)以後的區域具有一至五個倒鉤[1][10]。
帆鋸鰩屬 化石時期:
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努米底亞帆鋸鰩的牙齒化石 | |
科學分類 | |
界: | 動物界 Animalia |
門: | 脊索動物門 Chordata |
綱: | 軟骨魚綱 Chondrichthyes |
目: | 鰩目 Rajiformes |
科: | †硬尖犁頭鰩科 Sclerorhynchidae |
屬: | †帆鋸鰩屬 Onchopristis Stromer, 1917 |
模式種 | |
努米底亞帆鋸鰩 Onchopristis numida Haug, 1905
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種 | |
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異名[1] | |
屬異名 種異名
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也有文獻將其歸入帆鋸鰩科 (Onchopristidae Villalobos-Segura, Kriwet, Vullo, Stumpf, Ward, & Underwood, 2021[11])
下屬物種
本屬包括以下物種:[12]
描述
吻突長約2.5米(8.2英尺),外部有帶刺的牙齒。在兩種帆鋸鰩中,努米底亞帆鋸鰩的每顆牙齒都有一個倒鉤,但在鄧氏帆鋸鰩的每顆牙齒上有兩到五個倒鉤。[1]它們可以長到5-6米長。[13]
古生態學
和現代鋸鰩一樣,帆鋸鰩的眼睛位於頭頂,用於發現捕食者而不是獵物,它的嘴和鰓都在它的身體下側。[14]它們的吻部很可能會有電感受器來檢測它們下面的水中的食物,就像現代的鯊魚一樣。帆鋸鰩可能會穿過河床尋找然後吃掉獵物。[14]
大眾文化
帆鋸鰩在《Jurassic World™:遊戲》 中作為可收集角色登場。
在《恐龍星球》的電視節目中,帆鋸鰩被認為是棘龍的主要食物。
參考資料
- ^ 移至: 1.0 1.1 1.2 Keyes, I. W. Records of the northern hemisphere Cretaceous Sawfish genus Onchopristis (order batoidea) from New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. 1977, 20 (2): 263–272. ISSN 0028-8306. doi:10.1080/00288306.1977.10420706.
- ^ Jordan, D.S. A classification of fishes, including families and genera as far known.. Stanford University Publications, University Series, Biological Sciences. 1923, 3 (2): 77–243. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.161386 .
- ^ Weiler, W. Ergebnisse der Forschungsreisen Prof. E. Stromers in den Wüsten Ägyptens. II. Wirbeltierreste der Baharîje-Stufe (unterstes Cenoman). 16. Neue Untersuchungen an den Fischresten (PDF). Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung. 1935, 32: 1–57.
- ^ Werner, C. Die Elasmobranchier-Fauna des Gebel Dist Member der Bahariya Formation (Obercenoman) der Oase Bahariya, Ägypten. Palaeo Ichthyologica. 1989, 5: 1–112.
- ^ Kirkland, J.I. Paleontology of the Greenhorn cyclothem (Cretaceous: late Cenomanian to middle Turonian) at Black Mesa, northeastern Arizona. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin. 1996, 9: 1–131.
- ^ Hunt, R.K.; Santucci, V.L.; Kenworthy, J. A preliminary inventory of fossil fish from National Park Service units. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin. 2006, 34: 63–69.
- ^ Stromer, E. Ergebnisse der Forschungsreisen Prof. E. Stromers in den Wüsten Ägyptens. II. Wirbeltierreste der Baharîje-Stufe (unterstes Cenoman). 9. Die Plagiostomen mit einem Anhang über käno- und mesozoische Rückenflossenstacheln von Elasmobranchiern (PDF). Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung. 1927, 31 (5): 1–64.
- ^ Thurmond, J.T. Cartilaginous fishes of the Trinity Group and related rocks (Lower Cretaceous) of north central Texas (PDF). Southeastern Geology. 1971, 13 (4): 207–227.
- ^ Martill, D. M.; Ibrahim, N. Aberrant rostral teeth of the sawfish Onchopristis numidus from the Kem Kem beds (?early Late Cretaceous) of Morocco and a reappraisal of Onchopristis in New Zealand. Journal of African Earth Sciences. 2012, 64: 71–76. ISSN 1464-343X. doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2011.11.009.
- ^ Cuny, G.; Suteethorn, V.; Khansubha, S. A sclerorhynchoid (Chondrichthyes: Batomorphii) in the lower cretaceous of Thailand?. Sullivan, R. M.; Lucas, S. G. (編). Fossil Record 4. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 67. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science. 2015: 15–18 [2021-04-15]. (原始內容存檔於2022-01-29).
- ^ Villalobos-Segura, E.; Kriwet, J.; Vullo, R.; Stumpf, S.; Ward, D.J.; Underwood, C.J. The skeletal remains of the euryhaline sclerorhynchoid †Onchopristis (Elasmobranchii) from the 'Mid'-Cretaceous and their palaeontological implications. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 2021, 193 (2): 746–771. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa166.
- ^ Onchopristis Stromer, 1918. GBIF. [2023-03-12]. (原始內容存檔於2023-03-12).
- ^ This huge ancient sawfish had harpoons on its face. [2021-08-29]. (原始內容存檔於2021-08-14).
- ^ 移至: 14.0 14.1 Scott, C. Planet Dinosaur: The Next Generation of Killer Giants. Firefly Books. 2012: 72–73. ISBN 978-1-77085-049-1.
- Dutheil, D.B., Brito, P.M., 2009. Articulated cranium of Onchopristis numidus (Sclerorhynchidae, Elasmobranchii) from the Kem Kem Beds, Morocco. In: Jalil, N.-E. (Ed.), 1st International Congress on North African Vertebrate Palaeontology, Program & Abstracts, Marrakech, 25–27 May 2009, p. 66.
- Haug, E. Paléontologie. Documents Scientifiques de la mission saharienne (mission Foureau-Lamy). Publications de la Société de Géographie, p. 751-832