披耶阿努曼拉查東
披耶阿努曼拉查東（泰語：พระยาอนุมานราชธน，皇家轉寫：Phraya Anuman Ratchathon；1888年12月14日—1969年7月12日），泰國學者，語言學家、人類學家、民族學家，是泰國文化研究界的名人。為華裔，本名李光榮[1]，泰語名榮·沙天哥色（ยง เสฐียรโกเศศ）。其代表作是多卷本《泰國的傳統文化與民俗》[1]。
| 披耶阿努曼拉查東 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| 出生 | Yong Sathirakoses 李光榮 1888年12月14日 暹羅曼谷 |
| 逝世 | 1969年7月12日（80歲） 暹羅曼谷 |
| 母校 | 易三倉學院 朱拉隆功大學名譽博士 |
| 職業 | 語言學家、人類學家、民族學家 |
| 寫作生涯 | |
| 筆名 | 沙天哥色（เสฐียรโกเศศ） |
| 主題 | 暹羅（泰國）民俗研究 |
| 代表作 | 《泰國的傳統文化與民俗》 |
生平
李光榮自幼家貧，他自學成才，對暹羅傳統的民俗、口述傳說、社會規範、價值觀念展開調查研究[2][3]。他翻譯西方文學作品，譯作有福爾摩斯偵探記、卡爾·阿道夫·蓋勒魯普的《卡瑪尼特朝聖記》等[4]。
其研究得到暹羅社會認可，成為暹羅的文化名人。1924年獲封爵，爵名為披耶阿努曼拉查東，進入政府機關就職，曾任藝術廳長[1]。晚年出任暹羅協會主席[5]。
後世紀念
1988年，李光榮誕辰100周年時，聯合國教科文組織舉辦了相關紀念活動。
作品
披耶阿努曼拉查東是首位對暹羅民俗展開嚴肅研究的暹羅學者，其研究涵蓋泰國語言學、史學、文學、民俗學、社會學等諸領域，為後世的本國文化研究奠定重要基礎[6]。以下列舉其著作的譯本：
- Essays on Thai Folklore, Editions Duang Kamol, ISBN 974-210-345-3
- Popular Buddhism in Siam and other Essays on Thai Studies, Thai Inter-religious Commission on Development and Sathirakoses-Nagapradipa Foundation, Bangkok 1986
- Thet Maha Chat, Promotion and Public Relations Sub-Division, Fine Arts Department, Bangkok 1990
- Life and Ritual in Old Siam: Three Studies of Thai Life and Customs, New Haven, HRAF Press, 1961
- Five papers on Thai custom, Southeast Asia Program, Dept. of Far Eastern Studies, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 1958
- Some traditions of the Thai and other translations of Phya Anuman Rajadhon's articles on Thai customs, Thai Inter-Religious Commission for Development & Sathirakoses-Nagapradipa Foundation, Suksit Siam, Bangkok 1987
- The Nature and Development of the Thai language, Thai Culture, New series; no. 10, Thailand; Fine Arts Dept., Bangkok 1961
- Thai Literature in Relation to the Diffusion of Her Cultures, Thailand Culture New Series; no. 9, Thailand; Fine Arts Dept., Bangkok 1969
- Thai Language, National Culture Institute, Bangkok 1954
- Chao Thi and some traditions of Thai, National Culture Institute, Bangkok 1956
- "Phra Cedi", Journal of the Siam Society, Bangkok, 1952
- Thai Literature and Swasdi Raksa, Thailand Culture Series; no. 3, National Culture Institute, Bangkok 1956
- Introducing Cultural Thailand in Outline, Thailand Culture Series; no. 1, Thailand; Fine Arts Dept., Bangkok 2006, ISBN 974-417-810-8
- "The Story of Thai Marriage Custom", Thailand Culture Series, no. 13, National Culture Institute, Bangkok, 1954.
- Loy Krathong and Songkran Festivals, The National Culture Institute, Bangkok 1953
- 披耶阿努曼拉查東. 泰国传统文化与民俗. 由馬寧翻譯. 中山大學出版社. 1987. ISBN 9787306000323.
學術著作
- 暹羅協會期刊（Journal of the Siam Society，JSS）
- JSS Vol. 38.2c (1951). "The Loi Krathong"
- JSS Vol.40.1d (1952) "Phra Cedi"
- JSS Vol. 40.2f (1952). "The Ceremony of Tham Khwan of a Month Old Child"
- JSS Vol. 41.2c (1954). "The Phi"
- JSS Vol. 42.1d (1954). "The Water Throwing"
- JSS Vol. 42.1e (1954). "Bathing ceremony"
- JSS Vol.42.1f (1954). "Amusements during Songkran festival"
- JSS Vol. 42.2b (1955). "The end of Buddhist Lent"
- JSS Vol. 43.1e (1955). "A Note on Divination By Ahom Deodhais"
- JSS Vol. 43.1f (1955). "Me Posop, the Rice Mother"
- JSS Vol. 45.2e (1957). "The Golden Meru"
- JSS Vol. 48.2c (1960). "Fertility Rites in Thailand"
- JSS Vol. 49.1e (1961). "Some Siamese Superstitions About Trees and Plants"
- JSS Vol. 49.2f (1961). "Thai Traditional Salutation"
- JSS Vol. 50.2d (1962). "The Khwan and its Ceremonies"
- JSS Vol. 52.2d (1964). "Thai Charms and Amulets"
- JSS Vol. 53.1h (1965). "Data on Conditioned Poison"
- JSS Vol. 53.2b (1965). "A Study on Thai Folk Tale"
- JSS Vol. 55.2b (1967). "Notes on the Thread-Square in Thailand"
- JSS Vol. 58.1i (1970). "Obituary Phy Anuman Rajadhon"
- JSS Vol. 76.0v (1988). "Phya Anuman Rajadhon (Obituary by Somchai Anuman Rajadhon)"
參考文獻
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 段立生. 泰国文化艺术史. 北京: 商務印書館. 2005: 323. ISBN 7100042860.
- ^ The Development of the Thai Language
- ^ Phya Anuman Rajadhon, Essays on Thai Folklore, Editions Duang Kamol, ISBN 974-210-345-3
- ^ Phya Anuman Rajadhon, Chīwit Phra Sāraprasœt thī khāphačhao rūčhak, Ko̜tho̜mo. (i.e. Krung Thēp Mahā Nakhon) : Munnithi Sathīanrakōsēt Nākhaprathīp, 2532 [1989]
- ^ East by Southeast – Phaya Anuman Rajadhon. [2011-07-24]. （原始內容存檔於2011-10-05）.
- ^ Mahidol University – Literature 網際網路檔案館的存檔，存檔日期2002-11-23.
延伸閱讀
- Charles F. Keyes; William Klausner; Sulak Sivaraksa, Phya Anuman Rajadhon: A Reminiscence, Sathiankoset–Nakhaprathip Foundation, 1973
外部連結
- Public Relations Division, Silpakorn University. (n.d.) Phraya Anuman Rajadhon. Bangkok: Silpakorn University.
- Somsi Sukumonlanan. (2006). My Father: Phraya Anuman Rajadhon.[永久失效連結] Bangkok: Sathiankoset–Nakhaprathip Foundation.
- A collection of works by Phraya Anuman Rajadhon (e-books)
- Phya Anuman Rajadhon – Googlebooks
- A Comparative Study of Family Institution between Professor Phaya Anuman Rajadhon's Literary Works and Contemporary Novels
- PIPL – Anuman Rajadhon
- Department of Literature Faculty of Humanities, Kasetsart University
- Custom of Cutting the Topknot, Thailand
- Thai Ghosts