甲醯氰
化合物
甲
| 甲醯氰 | |
|---|---|
| |
| IUPAC名 Formyl cyanide | |
| 系統名 Methanoyl cyanide | |
| 英文名 | Formyl cyanide |
| 別名 | 氰基甲醛 |
| 識別 | |
| CAS編號 | 4471-47-0 |
| PubChem | 3843063 |
| ChemSpider | 3068544 |
| SMILES |
|
| 性質 | |
| 化學式 | C2HNO |
| 莫耳質量 | 55.04 g·mol−1 |
| 溶解性（水） | 水解 |
| 相關物質 | |
| 相關化學品 | 乙醯氰 草醯氰 |
| 若非註明，所有數據均出自標準狀態（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。 | |
製備
甲醯氰是由甲氧基乙腈在 600 °C分解而成的。它也可以由丙烯基苯氧基乙腈[2]或烯丙氧基乙腈加熱分解而成。[3][4]
- CH2O + CN• → HCOCN + H•
在地球大氣中，污染物丙烯腈和羥基自由基反應，形成甲醯氰、超氧酸和甲醛：[6]
- CH2=CHCN + OH• + 1.5 O2 → HO2 + HCOCN + CH2O
反應
相關化合物
通過鹵代反應，可以形成甲醯氯氰 ClC(O)CN和甲醯溴氰 BrC(O)CN。[7]
參考資料
- ^ Gronowski, Marcin; Eluszkiewicz, Piotr; Custer, Thomas Gage. Structure and Spectroscopy of C2HNO Isomers. The Journal of Physical Chemistry A. 12 April 2017, 121 (17): 3263–3273. Bibcode:2017JPCA..121.3263G. PMID 28402122. doi:10.1021/acs.jpca.6b12609.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Lewis-Bevan, Wyn; Gaston, Rick D.; Tyrrell, James; Stork, Wilmer D.; Salmon, Gary L. Formyl cyanide: a stable species. Experimental and theoretical studies. Journal of the American Chemical Society. March 1992, 114 (6): 1933–1938. doi:10.1021/ja00032a001.
- ^ Bogey, M.; Destombes, J.L.; Vallee, Y.; Ripoll, J.L. Formyl cyanide: Efficient production from allyloxyacetonitrile and its millimeter-wave spectrum. Chemical Physics Letters. May 1988, 146 (3–4): 227–229. Bibcode:1988CPL...146..227B. doi:10.1016/0009-2614(88)87435-9.
- ^ Bogey, M.; Demuynck, C.; Destombes, J.L.; Vallee, Y. Millimeter-Wave Spectrum of Formyl Cyanide, HCOCN: Centrifugal Distortion and Hyperfine Structure Analysis. Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy. August 1995, 172 (2): 344–351. Bibcode:1995JMoSp.172..344B. doi:10.1006/jmsp.1995.1183.
- ^ Remijan, Anthony J.; Hollis, J. M.; Lovas, F. J.; Stork, Wilmer D.; Jewell, P. R.; Meier, D. S. Detection of Interstellar Cyanoformaldehyde (CNCHO). The Astrophysical Journal. 10 March 2008, 675 (2): L85–L88. Bibcode:2008ApJ...675L..85R. doi:10.1086/533529.
- ^ Grosjean, Daniel. Atmospheric Chemistry of Toxic Contaminants. 3. Unsaturated Aliphatics: Acrolein, Acrylonitrile, Maleic Anhydride. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association. December 1990, 40 (12): 1664–1669. doi:10.1080/10473289.1990.10466814.
- ^ Pasinszki, Tibor; Vass, Gábor; Klapstein, Dieter; Westwood, Nicholas P. C. Generation, Spectroscopy, and Structure of Cyanoformyl Chloride and Cyanoformyl Bromide, XC(O)CN. The Journal of Physical Chemistry A. 5 April 2012, 116 (13): 3396–3403. Bibcode:2012JPCA..116.3396P. PMID 22409314. doi:10.1021/jp301528q.