A-12偵察機
洛克希德A-12(英語:Lockheed A-12)是美國的一架由洛克希德著名的臭鼬工廠為中央情報局(CIA)製造的偵察飛機,由設計家克拉倫斯·「凱利」·詹森操刀設計。A-12產於1962年到1964年,於1963年到1968年進入現役。單座艙設計,於1962年4月首飛,是雙座的美國空軍洛克希德YF-12原型攔截機和著名的SR-71「黑鳥」高空偵察機的前身,最高速度可達3.35馬赫。飛機的最終任務是在1968年5月飛空執行,該機於當年6月退役。官方秘密保守了40多年,A-12計劃最終於2007年被中央情報局開始解密。[1]
A-12牛車飛機 A-12 | |
---|---|
一架A-12飛機(編號06932) | |
類型 | 高空偵察機 |
製造商 | 洛克希德公司 |
首飛 | 1962年4月26日 |
起役日期 | 1967年 |
退役日期 | 1968年 |
狀態 | 已退役 |
主要用戶 |
美國空軍 中央情報局 |
製造數量 | A-12:13架; M-21:2架 |
衍生型 | 洛克希德YF-12 |
發展為 | 洛克希德SR-71「黑鳥」 |
參見
相關開發
類似型號
相關列表
參考文獻
注釋
引文
- ^ Jacobsen, Annie. "The Road to Area 51." (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) Los Angeles Times, 5 April 2009.
參考書目
- Donald, David, ed. "Lockheed's Blackbirds: A-12, YF-12 and SR-71". Black Jets. Norwalk, Connecticut: AIRtime, 2003. ISBN 1-880588-67-6.
- Jacobsen, Annie. Area 51. London: Orion Publishing, 2011. ISBN 978-1-4091-4113-6.
- Jenkins, Dennis R. Lockheed Secret Projects: Inside the Skunk Works. St. Paul, Minnesota: MBI Publishing Company, 2001. ISBN 978-0-7603-0914-8.
- Landis, Tony R. and Dennis R. Jenkins. Lockheed Blackbirds. Minneapolis, Minnesota: Specialty Press, revised edition, 2005. ISBN 1-58007-086-8.
- McIninch, Thomas. "The Oxcart Story."(頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) Center for the Study of Intelligence, Central Intelligence Agency, 2 July 1996. Retrieved: 10 April 2009.
- Pace, Steve. Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird. Swindon, UK: The Crowood Press, 2004. ISBN 1-86126-697-9.
- Robarge, David. Archangel: CIA's Supersonic A-12 Reconnaissance Aircraft. Washington, D.C.: Central Intelligence Agency, 2008. ISBN 1-92966-716-7.
其他資源
- Graham, Richard H. SR-71 Revealed: The Inside Story. St. Paul, Minnesota: MBI Publishing Company, 1996. ISBN 978-0-7603-0122-7.
- Johnson, C.L. Kelly: More Than My Share of it All. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Books, 1985. ISBN 0-87474-491-1.
- Lovick, Edward, Jr. Radar Man: A Personal History of Stealth. Bloomington, Indiana: iUniverse, 2010. ISBN 978-1-4502-4802-0.
- Merlin, Peter W. From Archangel to Senior Crown: Design and Development of the Blackbird (Library of Flight Series). Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), 2008. ISBN 978-1-56347-933-5.
- Pedlow, Gregory W. and Donald E. Welzenbach. The Central Intelligence Agency and Overhead Reconnaissance: The U-2 and OXCART Programs, 1954–1974. Washington, D.C.: Central Intelligence Agency, 1992. ISBN 0-7881-8326-5.
- Rich, Ben R. and Leo Janos. Skunk Works: A Personal Memoir of My years at Lockheed. New York: Little, Brown and Company, 1994. ISBN 0-316-7433.
- Shul, Brian and Sheila Kathleen O'Grady. Sled Driver: Flying the World's Fastest Jet. Marysville, California: Gallery One, 1994. ISBN 0-929823-08-7.
- Suhler, Paul A. From RAINBOW to GUSTO: Stealth and the Design of the Lockheed Blackbird (Library of Flight Series). Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), 2009. ISBN 978-1-60086-712-5.
外部連結
- 大天使:CIA的超音速A-12偵察飛機——大衛·巴爾(Cia.gov)(頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)
- FOIA documents on OXCART (Declassified 21 January 2008)
- "Sheep Dipping" Conversion of Air Force Officers to CIA For Project Oxcart(頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)
- A-12 page on RoadRunners Internationale site(頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)
- A-12T Exhibit at California Science Center(頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)
- Differences between the A-12 and SR-71(頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)
- Blackbird Spotting maps the location of every existing Blackbird, with aerial photos from Google Maps
- Photographs and disposition of the "Habu" aircraft at habu.org(頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)
- The U-2's Intended Successor: Project Oxcart (Chapter 6 of "The CIA and Overhead Reconnaissance", by Pedlow & Welzenbach)(頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)
- USAF Aircraft Serial Numbers for 1960, including all A-12s, YF-12As and M-21s
- "The Real X-Jet", Air & Space magazine, March 1999(頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)
- Secret A-12 Spy Plane Officially Unveiled at CIA's Headquarters(頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)
- Project Oxcart: CIA Report(頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)