後棱蛇屬
游蛇科的一种爬行动物
後棱蛇屬（學名：Opisthotropis）是蛇亞目水游蛇科下的一個蛇屬。
后棱蛇属
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| 香港后棱蛇（Opisthotropis andersonii） | |
科学分类 
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| 界： | 动物界 Animalia |
| 门： | 脊索动物门 Chordata |
| 纲： | 爬行綱 Reptilia |
| 目： | 有鳞目 Squamata |
| 亚目： | 蛇亚目 Serpentes |
| 科： | 水游蛇科 Natricidae |
| 属： | 后棱蛇属 Opisthotropis Günther, 1872 |
| 模式種 | |
| 西非後棱蛇 Opisthotropis ater Günther, 1872
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特征
后棱蛇头部扁平，头颈区分不明显；吻宽而钝圆，吻鳞宽大于高；眼中等大或小，瞳孔圆形或直立亚椭圆形；鼻孔位鼻鳞外侧上方；前额鳞一枚，宽倍于长；上颌齿细小，20-40枚，最后2枚稍大。身体呈圆柱形；鳞片光滑或具棱；背鳞15、17或19行；尾中等长，尾下鳞双行。以蚯蚓、甲壳动物等为食。[1]
物種
截止2022年6月13日，後棱蛇屬下有下列25物種：[2]
- 菲律賓後棱蛇 Opisthotropis alcalai Brown & Leviton, 1961
- 香港後棱蛇 Opisthotropis andersonii (Boulenger, 1888)
- 西非後棱蛇 Opisthotropis ater Günther, 1872
- 莽山后棱蛇 Opisthotropis cheni Zhao, 1999[3]
- 菊氏后棱蛇 Opisthotropis cucae David, Cuong The Pham, Truong Quang Nguyen & Ziegler, 2011[4]
- 道氏后棱蛇 Opisthotropis daovantieni Orlov, Darevsky & Murphy, 1998[5]
- 杜氏后棱蛇 Opisthotropis durandi Teynié, Lottier, David, Nguyen & Vogel, 2014
- 廣西後棱蛇 Opisthotropis guangxiensis Zhao, Jiang & Huang, 1978
- 海河后棱蛇 Opisthotropis haihaensis Ziegler, Pham, Nguyen, Nguyen, Wang, Wang, Stuart & Le, 2019
- 张氏后棱蛇 Opisthotropis hungtai Wang, Lyu, Zeng, Lin, Yang, Nguyen, Le, Ziegler & Wang, 2020
- 沙垻後棱蛇 Opisthotropis jacobi Angel & Bourret, 1933
- 菊里後棱蛇 Opisthotropis kikuzatoi (Okada & Takara, 1958)
- 掛墩後棱蛇 Opisthotropis kuatunensis Pope, 1928
- 側條後棱蛇 Opisthotropis lateralis Boulenger, 1903
- 山溪後棱蛇 Opisthotropis latouchi (Boulenger, 1899)
- 刘氏后棱蛇 Opisthotropis laui Yang, Sung & Chan, 2013
- 黄斑后棱蛇 Opisthotropis maculosa Stuart & Chuaynkern, 2007[6]
- 福建後棱蛇 Opisthotropis maxwelli Boulenger, 1914
- 蘇門答臘後棱蛇 Opisthotropis rugosa (Lidth De Jeude, 1890)
- 深圳后棱蛇 Opisthotropis shenzhenensis Wang, Guo, Liu, Lyu, Wang, Luo, Sun & Zhang, 2017
- 泰國後棱蛇 Opisthotropis spenceri Smith, 1918
- 三岛后棱蛇 Opisthotropis tamdaoensis Ziegler, David & Vu, 2008[7]
- 伊里安後棱蛇 Opisthotropis typica (Mocquard, 1890)
- 武氏后棱蛇 Opisthotropis voquyi Ziegler, David, Ziegler, Pham, Nguyen & Le, 2018
- 赵氏后棱蛇 Opisthotropis zhaoermii Ren, Wang, Jiang, Guo & Li, 2017[8]
参考文献
- ^ 赵尔宓，黄美华、宗愉等 (编). 中国动物志·爬行纲·第三卷·有鳞目 蛇亚目 第一版. 北京: 科学出版社. 1998: 209. ISBN 7-03-006560-3.
- ^ 爬行動物數據庫中Opisthotropis的數據
- ^ Li C., Liu Q. and Guo P. 2010. Expanded Description of a Chinese Endemic Snake Opisthotropis cheni (Serpentes: Colubridae: Natricinae). Asian Herpetological Research. 1 (1): 57-60
- ^ David, P., Pham, T. C., Nguyen, Q. T. & Ziegler T. 2011. A new species of the genus Opisthotropis Günther, 1872 (Squamata: Natricidae) from the highlands of Kon Tum Province, Vietnam. Zootaxa. 2758: 43–56: http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2011/f/z02758p056f.pdf
- ^ Orlov, N. L., Darevsky, I. S. and Murphy, R. W. 1998. A new species of mountain stream snake, genus Opisthotropis Günther, 1872. (Serpentes: Colubridae: Natricinae), from the tropical rain forests of southern Vietnam. Russian Journal of Herpetology, 5: 61-64. http://labs.eeb.utoronto.ca/murphy/PDFs%20of%20papers/1998%20Opisthotropis.pdf
- ^ 2007. A New Opisthotropis (Serpentes: Colubridae: Natricinae) from Northeastern Thailand http://www.bryanlstuart.com/site/Publications_files/Stuart%20%26%20Chuaynkern%202007.pdf
- ^ Ziegler, Thomas; Patrick David, Vu Ngoc Thanh 2008. A new natricine snake of the genus Opisthotropis from Tam Dao, Vinh Phuc Province, northern Vietnam (Squamata, Colubridae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 84 (2): 197 -203: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zoos.200800004/abstract
- ^ Jin-Long Ren, Kai Wang, Ke Jiang, Peng Guo and Jia-Tang Li. 2017. A New Species of the Southeast Asian Genus Opisthotropis (Serpentes: Colubridae: Natricinae) from western Hunan, China. Zoological Research. 38(5); 251-263. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2017.068