特斯科科湖
特斯科科湖(西班牙語:Lago de Texcoco),是一个历史上存在于墨西哥中部墨西哥谷中的内流湖,该湖湖平面海拔高达2,242米,在冬季枯水期分为五个相互连通的湖泊。
特斯科科湖 Lago de Texcoco | |
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位置 | 墨西哥中部 |
坐标 | 19°25′10″N 99°08′00″W / 19.41944°N 99.13333°W |
类型 | 湖泊 |
表面积 | 2,100平方英里(5,400平方公里) |
最大深度 | 超过500英尺(150米) |
表面海拔 | 7,349英尺(2,240米) |
墨西哥城及其前身特諾奇提特蘭,原本即位于该湖中的岛屿上,由于城市的不断发展,该湖现已消失,仅在墨西哥城城东4公里处留下了一块盐碱沼泽,為密集都會區旁的一塊大空地,由于该湖的消失,墨西哥城已经成为了一座缺水城市。
另外,墨西哥城位於原該湖中鬆軟的湖泊沉積物上,這讓它在地震期間容易受到土壤液化的影響,並可能導致建築物的倒塌以及人員的傷亡。1985年墨西哥城大地震即為一個很好的例子,當時的地震使得墨西哥城受到嚴重的破壞。
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参考文献
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