三氯氧化钽

三氯氧化钽是一种无机化合物,化学式为TaOCl3。它是氯氧化物之一,其它已知的氯氧化钽还有TaO2Cl[2]和Ta3O7Cl[3]

三氯氧化钽
英文名 Tantalum oxytrichloride
Tantalum trichloride oxide
别名 氯氧化钽
识别
CAS号 13597-22-3  checkY
SMILES
 
  • O=[Ta](Cl)(Cl)Cl
性质
化学式 TaOCl3
摩尔质量 303.31 g·mol⁻¹
密度 3.66 g·cm−3[1]
相关物质
其他阴离子 三氟氧化钽
三溴氧化钽
其他阳离子 三氯氧化钒
三氯氧化铌
相关化学品 五氧化二钽
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

制备

三氯氧化钽可由五氯化钽五氧化二钽在高温下反应得到。[4][5]

Ta2O5 + 3 TaCl5 ⇌ 5 TaOCl3

五氯化钽在氧气中加热(< 1000 °C),可以得到三氯氧化钽。[6]其它制法还有五氯化钽和一氧化二氯四氯化碳中的反应、五氯化钽和三氧化二锑氯气流中的反应:[1][7]

TaCl5 + Cl2O → TaOCl3 + 2 Cl2
3 TaCl5 + Sb2O3 → 3 TaOCl3 + 2 SbCl3

性质

三氯氧化钽在327 °C分解,生成TaCl5和TaO2Cl,后者氯氧化物在526 °C进一步分解,产生TaCl5和Ta2O5[2]它和三丁基硼在80 °C开始反应,生成浅灰色的TaOB。[8]它可以在焦硫酸中转化为硫酸氢盐:[9]

TaOCl3 + 3 H2S2O7 → TaO(HSO4)3 + 3 HSO3Cl
TaOCl3 + 5 H2S2O7 → H[TaO(HSO4)4] + 3 HSO3Cl + H2S3O10

H[TaO(HSO4)4]与三氯氧化钽和氯磺酸反应生成的H[Ta(SO3Cl)4]一样,是非电解质。[10]

三氯氧化钽、五氯化钽、四氯化碲离子液体[BMIM]Cl西班牙语Cloruro de 1-butil-3-metilimidazolio中于190 °C反应,生成黑色的[Te8]2[Ta4O4Cl16]。[11]

三氯氧化钽可以和吡啶(py)形成加合物TaOCl3·1.5py。[1]

参考文献

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Dehnicke, Kurt. Tantalum oxychloride. Naturwissenschaften, 1965. 52 (3): 58. ISSN: 0028-1042.
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Morozov, A. I.; Karlova, E. V. Thermal stability of tantalum oxytrichloride and dioxychloride. Zhurnal Neorganicheskoi Khimii, 1969. 14 (7): 1741-1745. ISSN: 0044-457X.
  3. ^ Schaefer, Harald; Gerken, Rudolf; Zylka, Lothar. Oxidechlorides, -bromides, and -iodides of niobium and tantalum. Zeitschrift fuer Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, 1986. 534. 209-215. ISSN: 0044-2313.
  4. ^ Jenkins, W.A.; Cook, C.M. Tantalum oxychloride. Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry. 1959, 11 (2): 163–164. ISSN 0022-1902. doi:10.1016/0022-1902(59)80062-2. 
  5. ^ Schafer, Harald; Sibbing, Engelbert. Chemistry of niobium and tantalum. XXV. The equilibrium Ta2O5 + 3TaCl5 (gas) = 5TaOCl3 (gas). Zeitschrift fuer Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, 1960. 305. 341-348. ISSN: 0044-2313.
  6. ^ Saeki, Yuzo; Matsushima, Tadahisa. Decomposition of niobium pentachloride and tantalum pentachloride with oxygen. Denko Kagaku, 1964. 32 (9): 667-671.
  7. ^ Morozov, I. S.; Morozov, A. I. Reaction of tantalum oxychloride with alkali metal and ammonium chlorides and thermal stability of tetrachlorooxytantalates. Zhurnal Neorganicheskoi Khimii, 1966. 11 (2): 335-341. ISSN: 0044-457X.
  8. ^ Fedneva, E. M.; Buslaev, Yu. A.; Alpatova, V. I. Reactions of tantalum pentachloride and oxychloride with tri-n-butylboron. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Neorganicheskie Materialy, 1970. 6 (5): 893-896. ISSN: 0002-337X.
  9. ^ Bali, A; Malhotra, KC. Behaviour of some niobium(V), tantalum(V) and molybdenum(VI) compounds in disulphuric acid. Australian Journal of Chemistry. 1975, 28 (3): 481. ISSN 0004-9425. doi:10.1071/CH9750481. 
  10. ^ Paul, R. C.; Kaur, Jaswinder; Konwer, D.; Puri, J. K. Solvolysis of various niobium(V), tantalum(V), molybdenum(V) and molybdenum(VI) compounds in chlorosulfuric acid. Indian Journal of Chemistry, Section A: Inorganic, Physical, Theoretical & Analytical, 1981. 20A (12): 1212-1214. ISSN: 0376-4710.
  11. ^ Freudenmann, Dominic; Feldmann, Claus. [Te8]2[Ta4O4Cl16]: A Two-dimensional Tellurium Polycation obtained via Ionic Liquid-Based Synthesis. Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie. 2011, 637 (11): 1481–1485. ISSN 0044-2313. doi:10.1002/zaac.201100143. 

拓展阅读

  • González-Blanco, Òscar; Branchadell, Vicenç; Monteyne, Kereen; Ziegler, Tom. Nature and Strength of Metal−Chalcogen Multiple Bonds in High Oxidation State Complexes. Inorganic Chemistry. 1998, 37 (8): 1744–1748. ISSN 0020-1669. doi:10.1021/ic970613l. 
  • Chiera, Nadine M.; Sato, Tetsuya K.; Tomitsuka, Tomohiro; Asai, Masato; Suzuki, Hayato; Tokoi, Katsuyuki; Toyoshima, Atsushi; Tsukada, Kazuaki; Nagame, Yuichiro. Formation and thermochemical properties of oxychlorides of niobium (Nb) and tantalum (Ta): Towards the gas-phase investigation of dubnium (Db) oxychloride. Inorganica Chimica Acta. 2019, 486: 361–366. ISSN 0020-1693. doi:10.1016/j.ica.2018.10.032.